Global Vocab.
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49 terms
Malay | English |
|---|---|
| Justinian |  byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruled by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program, including Hagia Sofia, as well as a making new legal code |
| Theodora | the Empress of Byzantine who helped Justinian, her husband, run the empire. She was a powerful and influential woman |
| Hagia Sophia | great, decorative Byzantine church in Constantinople that was build under Justinian's rule |
| Patriarch | a man that would practice autocratic authority as the head of the Roman family |
| Excommunication | the act of banishing a member of the Church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the Church |
| Cyrillic Alphabet | an alphabet drived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages |
| Icon | a conventional religious painting in oil on a small wooden panel |
| Justinian Code | collection of laws that formed the basis for Byzantine law under Emperor Justinian |
| Middle Ages | the historical period between the fall of Rome and the birth of the Renaissance |
| Secular | worldly; not pertaining to church matters or religion |
| Lord | in the middle ages, a noble who owned and controlled all activities on his manor |
| Serf | a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord |
| Medieval | relating to or belonging to the Middle Ages |
| Troubadour | a traveling poet and musician of the Middle Ages |
| Franks | group of Germanic people who rose to prominence under the leadership of King Clovis |
| Carolingian Dynasty | a Frankish dynasty founded by Charlemagne's father |
| Fief | land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service |
| Knight | originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry |
| Chivalry | a complex set of ideals that demanded that a Knight fought bravely in defense for this earthly feudal lord, his heavenly lord (god), and his chosen lady |
| Partnership | a business owned by two or more people |
| Monastery | religious communities built by the church to adapt to rural conditions |
| Charlemagne | germanic king of the Francs who was a famous military leader, improved life, established order, supported edcuation and culture, joined by pope and church, eventually became emperor |
| Vassal | a person holding a fief |
| Manor | A large estate, including farmland and villages, held by a lord |
| Tournament | mock battles that combined recreation with combat training |
| Charter | a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights |
| Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service |
| Journeyman | a skilled worker who practices some trade or handicraft |
| Capital | of primary importance |
| Allah | Muslim name for the one and only God |
| Muslim | a believer or follower of Islam |
| Hajj | a pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims |
| Shari'a | body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life |
| Shi'a | a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammed's son-in-law Ali as the true rulers of Islam |
| Abbasids | A dynasty that ruled much of the Muslim Empire from 750 to about 1250 |
| House of Wisdom | combination library, academy, and translation center in Baghdad established in the 800s |
| Muhammad | the founder of the Islam religion; to Muslims, Muhammad is the ultimate and final prophet |
| Hijrah | Muhammad's migration from Mecca to (Yathrib) Medina |
| Qur'an | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina |
| Caliph | a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government |
| Sunni | a follower of the majority branch of Islam, which feels that successors to Muhammad are to be chosen by the Muslim community |
| Al-Andalus | the Arabic name given to the parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Septimania governed by Arab and North African Muslims |
| Calligraphy | the art of fine handwriting |
| Islam | the religion of Muslims collectively which governs their civilization and way of life |
| Mosque | a Muslim place of worship |
| Sunna | an Islamic model for living, based on the life and teachings of Muhammad |
| Umayyads | a dynasty that ruled the Muslim Empire later established a kingdom in Al-Andalus |
| Sufi | a Muslim who seeks to achieve direct contact with God through mystical means |
| Fatimid | after the Abbasids ended their reign, this caliphate was formed by Shi'a Muslims who claimed to decend from Muhammad's daughter, Fatima |
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