fish and amphibians test (tuesday)
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61 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 an animal whose body temperature changes with the temperature of its environment | ectotherm |
| an animal whose body temperature is maintained at a steady temperature | endotherm |
| an internal gas-filled sac that helps fish to swim at different depths | swim bladder |
| the force water exerts upward on any underwater object | buoyant force |
| highly developed nervous system, ectotherms, external fertilization, closed circulatory system, fins, scales, gills, and make up about 50% of all vertebrates | What are 8 characteristics that almost all fish share? |
| oxygen | What moves from the water to the blood as water flows over the gills in a fish? |
| carbon dioxide | What moves from blood to water in a fish? |
| eating (hunting and feeding) | What is most movement related to in fish? |
| nervous system and sense organs | What 2 things are highly developed in a fish? |
| jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish | What are the 3 different types of fish? |
| mouth structure and type of skeleton | What 2 things does fish classification depend on? |
| no scales, gills, ectotherms, closed circulatory system, highly developed nervous system, no paired fins, skeleton is made of cartilage, live in only salt water, no jaws, and are either scavengers or parasites | What are 10 characteristics that all jawless fish share? |
| skeleton is made of cartilage, ectotherms, highly developed nervous system, gills, closed circulatory system, have jaws, pointed scales, fins, live in only salt water, and carnivores | What are 10 characteristics that all cartilaginous fish share? |
| skeleton of hard bone, ectotherms, closed circulatory system, highly developed nervous system, fins, scales, gills, swim bladder, represent 95% of all fish, fresh and salt water environments | What are 10 characteristics that all bony fish share? |
| smaller chamber of the heart. receives blood | atrium |
| larger chamber of the heart. pumps blood out of the heart | ventricle |
| the specific environment where an animal lives | habitat |
| opening to the lungs in the back of the mouth | glottis |
| tube leading to the stomach | esophagus |
| tubes that lead from the ear to the throat/ equalize the air pressure in the ears | eustachian tube |
| ear drum/ located behind the eyes | tympanum |
| produces bile that is used in digestion | liver |
| produces insulin in digestion | pancreas |
| stores bile-chemical that helps break down food | gallbladder |
| begins the digestive process | stomach |
| area of gas exchange | lungs |
| insolation/keeps internal organs warm/source of energy | fat body |
| stores blood/recycles blood | spleen |
| stores urine | bladder |
| filters blood and produces urine | kidney |
| most digestion of food takes place | small intestine |
| most water is taken up into the body here/produces solid waste | large intestine |
| amphibians spend their larval stage in water and their adult life on land | Why is it said that amphibians have a double life? |
| amphibian's movement: have legs and muscular limbs to get around/ fish's movement: uses fins to swim in water/ amphibian's skeleton: very strong/ fish's skeleton: could be made out of cartilage | Compare an adult amphibian's skeleton and method of moving to those of a fish. |
| the area becomes drier and amphibians need a moist environment/ amphibians have extremely thin skin, so they are sensitive to changes in the environment | How has forest destruction affected amphbians? Why has it had this effect? |
| a salamander needs to either breathe from lungs or its skin, so if it can not breathe through either of those, it can not survive | Why can a lung-less salamander not survive if its skin dries out. Explain why. |
| in water | where do amphibians start their life? |
| on land | where do amphibians spend their adult life? |
| in the lungs and through their skin | where do amphibians obtain oxygen? |
| thin and moist skin | what type of skin do amphibians have? |
| three | how many chambers does an amphibian have in their heart? |
| two | how many atria does an amphibian have? |
| one | how many ventricles does an amphibian have? |
| receives blood | what does the atria do? |
| one atrium receives blood from body/the other atrium received blood from the lungs | what two places does the atria receive blood? |
| pumps blood | what does the ventricle do? |
| the body and the lungs | what two places does the ventricle pump blood to? |
| it mixes | what happens to oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood in the ventricle? |
| external and internal | what type of fertilization does the amphibian exhibit? |
| jelly | what are eggs coated with? |
| keeps the eggs moist and frees the eggs from infection | what does the jelly that coats the eggs do? |
| no | Do parents care for the eggs or larva? |
| metamorphosis | what do amphibians undergo from larva to adult stage? |
| no | Do frogs/toads-tadpoles resemble the adult? |
| yes | Do salamanders resemble the adult? |
| strong skeleton and muscular limbs | What two things do amphibians have to move on land? |
| large eyes | What kind of eyes do amphibians have? |
| yes | Can amphibians close their eyes? |
| amphibians have thin skins and no shells on their eggs | What are two reasons why environmental poisons are dangerous to amphibians? |
| weaken adult and young amphibians, kill amphibian eggs, and cause tadpoles to be deformed | List three effects environmental poisons can have on amphibian development. |
| 1. fertilized eggs 2. legless tadpole 3. hind legs develop 4. front legs develop 5. adult frog | What are the five stages of metamorphosis in a frog? |
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