Flashcards: Biology
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Created by:
Jeisold on March 8, 2010
Subjects:
Groups:
Biology, niggzzz, Cranford High School, biology
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All 30 terms
Sundanese | English |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis |  Chemical process by which plants use light energy to make sugar from water and carbon dioxide. |
| Cellular Respiration | Process in cells by which oxygen is chemically combined with food molecules and energy is released. |
| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate, the major energy-carrying molecule of the cell. |
| Glucose | Simple sugar made by plants through the process of photosynthesis. |
| Chlorophyll | Green pigment in plants that captures the energy of sunlight for use in photosynthesis. |
| Chloroplast | A structure in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll. |
| Photosynthesis Equation | 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| Cellular Respiration Equation | C6H12O6 + 6O2---> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP |
| Cell membrane | Outermost layer of the cell that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended |
| Nucleus | Structure near the center of a cell that contains the cell's DNA |
| Chromosome | A structure located in the nucleus of a cell, made of DNA. |
| Gene | Segment of DNA, found on a chromosome, that determines the inheritance of a particular trait |
| DNA | The material found in the cell's nucleus, that determines the genetic traits of the organism |
| Mitochondria | Structures in the cell that transform the energy in food into a form cells can use to carry out their activities. |
| Vacuole | Fluid-filled structure that holds waste products or substances needed by the cell. |
| Lysosome | Small round structures found in the cytoplasm that contain digestive enzymes. Usually not found in plant cells. |
| Ribosome | Structure in a cell where proteins are put together |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Structure in a cell that is involved in making proteins and transporting materials. |
| Golgi body | Cell structure that helps package and distribute products with-in the cell |
| Vesicle | small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell |
| Cell wall | Stiff outer barrier of a plant cell, outside the cell membrane, which is made mostly of cellulose |
| Prokaryote | One-celled organism that does not have membrane-bound nucleus or organelles. |
| Eukaryote | Organism made up of cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles |
| Permeable | Allowing substances to pass or diffuse through. Pores are the widest and it is not very selective. |
| Impermeable | Preventing substances from passing or diffusing through. Pores are the smallest and it is very selective. |
| Semipermeable | membranes that allow some substances through but not others. |
| Osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Diffusion | the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Active Transport | the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy |
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