Flashcards: Search and Rescue
About these flashcards
Created by:
rattlerjen on March 9, 2010
Subjects:
Description:
search and rescue roles such as Field Team member are covered along with exciting information about legal mumbo jumbo search strategies and more!
Groups:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.All 199 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Safety, personal survival and maintenance, searcher, litter carrier | List the 4 major FTM responsibilities |
| self, team, and victim | Who's safety is the FTM responsible for? |
| Field Team Member | FTM stands for |
| Operational responsibilities and protocols Individual preparation Equipment Strategy Tactics | FTM knowledge requirements are |
| hostile | You need to be mentally prepared to operate in what type of environment |
| emotional and physical | Safety means you make an effort not to exceed what two limits |
| clothing and equipment | Your ___ and ___ need to be adequate and meet the demands of the environment |
| absolute minimal risk | Rescue of a dead person requires what amount of risk |
| victim | the purpose of SAR training, SAR equipment and SAR operations is the |
| harm | As doctors also must promise, "First do no ___" |
| Doing the mission. Doing it safely | You must make sure that your team is focused on doing what at all times. How should it be done? |
| The slowest person | On a mission, who sets the pace? |
| Tell the team immediately you cannot do the search. | Five minutes after starting a search, you foot begins hurting. What should you do? |
| Practice using it. | You just purchased brand new shiny equipment. What should you do before using it on a search? |
| search | What is your primary job as an FTM during a mission? |
| objective of the search, perform search techniques correctly and effectively, and your position on the team | As an FTM in an search, what three things must you understand? |
| fast, smooth, and safe ride for the patient | When carrying a litter, what is the goal? |
| strength and endurance to carry a heavy person in difficult terrain. | As a litter carrier you must ensure that you have what qualities? |
| Law Enforcement | Search and Rescue is what kind of problem legally? |
| A crime might have occurred and Evidence may be compromised | Why is SAR a law enforcement problem? |
| local law enforcement | A missing person is typically reported to who first? |
| by legal agreement | Participation in the National SAR plan is done how? |
| US Air Force | Who coordinates inland SAR? |
| Coast guard | Who coordinates water rescue |
| Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) National Park Service (NPS) US Forest Service (USFS) Military | Name the five federal supporting agencies to SAR |
| all resources | VDEM can get what to help in a search |
| Local Law enforcement | Who must VDEM get permission from before calling on resources? |
| Answer no questions and politely excuse yourself.\ | What should you do if a news reporter starts asking you questions? |
| The Incident Commander or local law enforcement | Who should you direct the media, friends, curious bystanders, or family to? |
| Incident Commander | If you are the first person on the scene you are: |
| Information Officer | This person's job is to stop rumors and keep family and media away from SAR. |
| Finance Officer | This general staff member is typically only seen at National Parks |
| EOP, Emergency Operations Plan | This plan carries the weight of law |
| VDEM | This is the SAR coordinator for Virginia |
| RCC | The EOC, or Emergency Operations Center is also the site of the State ____ |
| Safety Officer | Which officer stops the search if everyone is exhausted and making mistakes? |
| Logistics | This section is responsible for food and toilet paper |
| Liaison Officer | This Officer provides the family with emotional support. |
| Operations | Which section is responsible for "boots on the ground" |
| Planning | Which section contains the "think tank geeks?" |
| Liaison Officer | Who is the point of contact for agencies and organizations? |
| Operations Section Chief | Who does the Planning Section give the IAP to? |
| Operations Section Chief | This person is responsible for briefing and debriefing you. |
| Logistics | Who is responsible for the communications? |
| Logistics | This section provides a bus ride to the search |
| Duty officer | Who is the officer at VDEM on call 24 hours a day? |
| MOU | Your SAR group must earn this before becoming a VDEM state resource. |
| Memorandum of Understanding | MOU stands for: |
| VDEM | Who conducts SAR training and publishes standards? |
| State Police | Who is the On-scene liaison Responsible for State resources Investigates Aircraft incidents Provides resources to support SAR |
| Local Government | Who has primary jurisdiction over a missing person? |
| False. It only protects you from Civil Lawsuits | True or False. Good Samaritan Law protects you from all lawsuits? |
| Aid was rendered in good faith Aid was rendered without compensation Stays within your level of training | Good Samaritan Law protects you provided that: |
| There was a duty to act There was a breach of that duty Person's condition worsened as a result Damage occurred as a result | What four factors must be proven to show negligence? |
| When someone with equal or more advanced medical skill can take over. | When are you allowed to stop medical care on a victim? |
| a patient agreeing to medical care | What is expressed consent? |
| Anyone | Who has the right to refuse medical treatment |
| assault and battery charges | What can happen if you continue treatment on a conscious person who has refused treatment? |
| A warrant from the court ordering treatment against a persons will after deeming him incompetent. | What is a green warrant |
| Implied Consent | This Law assumes that if an unconscious person was capable of answering, he would wish treatment. |
| Only if the child's life or ability to save his arm is at risk. | A child has several cuts and a broken arm. Can you offer treatment? |
| No | Is ignorance to proper first aid a valid defense? |
| Document everything, train to a known standard (Eg Red Cross CPR certification) | What two ways can you best avoid legal problems when delivering care. |
| there is reasonable certainty that life or property is in danger and there are no signs posted | An SAR team can enter private property only when: |
| Signs and silver paint | What two ways can a person mark a property against trespassing? |
| No | There is a search attracting lots of bystanders and media. Can you legally keep them out? |
| No | Can Civil Air Patrol personnel be used to keep the public out of a crash scene? |
| using the military to enforce civil law | What is posse comitatus |
| Leave the property immediately and call base. | During a search, you hop a small fence. A man comes out of the trees and demands you get off his property even after you tell him what you are doing there. What should you do next? |
| Law enforcement | If you get kicked off of someone's property, who is allowed to enter? |
| When that last person has been located and signs out. | One person from the search team hasn't returned from his task. When can the search be shut down. |
| weather, terrain, type of subject, resources, time missing, accuracy of information, and decisions command has made | List variables a search incident may involve |
| Liability Issues | What issues are driving the development of SAR standards? |
| Recovery of the missing person | What the is objective of all SAR activity? |
| No | Is there a way to judge the effectiveness of a search? |
| Clues | What should you be looking for on a search? |
| Clues | What reduces the size of a search area |
| As soon as possible | When should you contain an area and cut for sign? |
| Looking for person out of the search area such as at home, at the bar, at a friends house, etc. | Bastard Search is what? |
| As soon as possible | When should resources be sent into the field? |
| Last, as a final resort | When should a grid search be done? |
| actions taken to limit a subject's travel. | Containment is what |
| road or trail blocks, patrols, string lines, camp ins, lookouts, and track traps | What can be used as containment? |
| beyond projected distance traveled | Where should containment be placed? |
| Actions taken to get the subject to come to you | What is attraction? |
| attraction | This tactic may be only used if the subject is responsive and mobile |
| stationary, 24 | For attraction to work the device must be ___ and manned for ____ hours |
| determine where the subject isn't. | What is Binary search |
| around perimeter, PLS, or along route of travel | Where is a binary search done? |
| 1. Locate 2. Access 3. Stabilize 4. Transport | Four phases of a search incident |
| Phase 0 First Notice | This is the alert phase |
| Phase 0 | During which phase are resources notified? |
| Who, why, what, where, and when | What do you try and determine during the initial report? |
| Phase 1 | During what phase do you secure the PLS as a crime scene |
| Phase 1 | During this phase, you contain and attract? |
| What probably happened | What is determining probabilities? |
| What might have happened | What are you doing when you are determining possibilities? |
| Phase 1 | During this phase, you are attempting to make sure things do not get worse |
| The Quick Response | Phase 1 is known as: |
| Responsible Agent | Who is the RA? |
| Phase 1 | During which phase is an incident commander appointed? |
| prevent enlargement of the search area, effectively use immediately available resources, find clues or the subject | The three objectives of the initial actions |
| Phase 1 | During which phase are the family members interviewed? |
| Phase 1 | Which phase is a binary search done |
| Hasty Search | What is Phase 2 |
| efficiency or best use of best resources | A Hasty search's emphasis is on |
| air scenting dogs | These dogs are a fast, efficient search of high probability sectors |
| Trailing Dog | Which dog searches by correctly identifying a specific person in a field setting |
| Air scent dogs | Cadaver, disaster, water, and evidence search dogs are what kind? |
| recognize and follow any human scent | Tracking dogs do what? |
| Probability of Detection | POD |
| If subject was in their search area, there was a 30% chance of him being found. | A POD of 30% means that. |
| 40% | There is a 60% chance that the subject is still in the search area, what was the POD? |
| Forward Looking Infared, searching at night with helicopter | Define FLIR, what is it used for? |
| Dense foliage | FLIR does not work as well in the summer because of |
| Phase 1Quick search of linear features such as drainages, trails, ridge lines - Route search | This phase's emphasis is on speed |
| Follow known or expected routes | Route Search |
| hasty search | Quick search of linear features such as drainages, trails, ridge lines |
| hasty search | scratch search is also known as |
| Sweep search | AKA open grid search |
| Well trained fast moving small team spaced within voice contact of one another or closer; moving abreast in a fast, non-thorough search of a specific area | How is a sweep search done? |
| sweep search | The goal is subject or gross clue detection |
| closed grid search | AKA Line Search |
| unresponsive | Closed grid searches assumes a subject in what condition? |
| closed grid search | uses large team moving abreast with close spacing |
| destroys clues | Why shouldn't a closed grid search be done immediately |
| thorough search of defined area for subject and detailed clue detection | The goal of a closed grid search |
| Survey search | A visual search from a vantage point |
| Locale search | a circular search around a specific point |
| Phase 3 Saturation Search | This phase is hard to control, has untrained personnel, destroys clues, and emphasis is on thoroughness |
| Successful search | These missions are closed |
| unsuccessful search | These missions are suspended |
| Phase 4 | demobilization occurs during which phase? |
| hazardous weather, clues lead elsewhere, survival impossible, lack of funds or resources, search plan and area adequate | Reasons to suspend a search |
| specific plan | Demobilization should occur to a |
| Liability protection (cover your a$$) | Documentation is important for |
| as soon as possible after a mission | When should a critique be done? |
| problem solving | The goal of a critique should be |
| All participating agencies | who should be involved in a critique? |
| critique, debriefing, back to normal life | What is done in phase 5 |
| 3 AKA pi X (distance traveled in a set time)squared | Formula for search area |
| 3 x (4)squared = 3 x 16 = 48 mile area | The lost person has been missing for 2 hours and is judged to walk 2mi/hr. How big is your search area? |
| critical spacing | Twice the distance between a person and the object |
| place similar sized object on the ground, move away until you cant see object, move back until object is identifiable | Techniques for determining critical spacing |
| Three man sweep technique | This technique consists of a compass person and two others who purposefully wander within critical spacing distance |
| up, down, and behind, all directions | Where should you look when searching in a line |
| good search techniques | look, listen, and smell |
| Say STOP, one person calls, all listen with big ears in all directions | How to do a proper call out |
| Every couple of minutes | How often should a call out be done? |
| With three flags and noted on a map | How do you flag a clue |
| objective, subject description, clues to look for | Before searching in a team you should know three things |
| tracking dog | This type of dog follows the freshest scent trail left |
| urban | Which is a more complex search, urban or wilderness? |
| theft, crime, need police escort, many places to hide, traffic, violence with locals, | Difficulties of an urban search |
| two | How many flags are put on a permanent search boundry? |
| dynamic | This type of rope stretches to absorb a fall |
| twisted rope | Laid rope |
| Kernmantle | Which rope is used in SAR |
| Kernmantle | This rope has a nylon core with a woven sheath or mantle |
| climbing rope evaluation, look for their seal for good ropes | UIAA |
| Things that can damage a rope | dirt, tape, paint, heat, petroleum, sunlight, and dirt |
| weld abrasion | two ropes rubbing against one another |
| mild soap and water | How should a rope be cleaned? |
| step | You will be beaten if you ___ on a rope |
| mark it with black tape and throw it away | You drop a biner and it makes a loud PING you should: |
| flat tubular nylon | webbing |
| Figure 8 | this is used as a friction or belay device |
| Brake bar rack | what device is used for long descents with a heavy load? |
| Brake bar rack | this is the most versitile friction device |
| gibbs ascender | a rope moves only one way through this device |
| double fishermans | This knot is used to join two ropes together |
| natural fiber | This rope rots and mildews at it ages and its strength diminishes when wet |
| webbing | used for anchor slings and harnesses |
| the gate | this is the weakest part of a biner |
| pulley | This device is used to reduce friction |
| standing part | Load bearing part of the rope |
| free end of the rope used for knot tying | running end |
| bight | this is where the running end meets the standing part |
| running end crosses the standing part | loop |
| knots | this can weaken a rope up to 50 percent |
| inspect a knot | contouring makes it easier to do what? |
| overhand knot | this knot looks like a pretzel |
| overhand bend AKA, water knot, overhand follow through, ring knot | this knot is used to join two pieces of webbing |
| Figure 8 | This knot resembles a number and is used as a stopper knot |
| Figure 8 loop AKA figure 8 on a bight | This is the preferred knot for the end of a rope |
| joining two ropes | Figure 8 follow through is used for |
| joining two ropes of the same size, tie off | a square knot is used for |
| double fishermans | This knot becomes permanent when heavily loaded |
| making rope runners | double fishermans can be used for |
| Prussik | this knot performs the same function as the gibbs ascender |
| heavier | gasoline is heavier or lighter than air? |
| find your coordinates | before calling base when on a search what should you do |
| from upwind and uphill | To avoid a flash fire, how do you approach a plane crash scene |
| preserve | At a find because it could be a crime you should ____ a scene |
| alive well and mobile | Status 1 |
| Status 3 | what status is a dead person |
| Status 2 | this person is injured |
| secure scene, account for subjects, use 1 path, report asap, document, be professional | At an incident site, you should |
| shouldn't do what at an incident site | never disturb site unless to save a life, never take unnecessary people into site, never speculate how it happened, never leave anything |