Unit 12 Launching New Republic: Economic/Social Change, Gathering Storm
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Society for the Encouragement of Useful Manufactures | attempted to demonstrate the potential of large-scale industrial enterprises |
| Yeomen | white landowning family farmers |
| "republican motherhood" | idea that women should not rush into marriage but should first improve their minds so that they could instill republican ideals in their children |
| "the narrow circle of domesticity" | role of women to maintain roles in the household |
| Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts | series of laws designed to promote better relations between Indians and whites |
| Benjamin Banneker | self-taught African American mathematician and astronomer |
| Fugitive Slave Law | (1793) required return of runaway slaves; denied blacks any constitutional protections |
| Gabriel's Rebellion | failed slave rebellion in Virginia |
| Cotton gin | invention that made cleaning of southern cotton fast and cheap |
| Jeffersonianism | belief in representative democracy; opposition to monarchism and aristocracy; the yeoman farmer best exemplifies civic virtue |
| Popular liberty | required popular virtue, and virtue being the disposition to place public good above private interest and to exercise vigilance in keeping government under control |
| Jefferson's Revolution | Jefferson's mission to restore liberty and tranquility that he thought the US had enjoyed in its earliest years; to reverse what he saw a drift into despotism |
| Chief Justice John Marshall | arch-Federalist appointed by John Adams; one of most influential judges on the Supreme Court |
| Marbury vs Madison | Marshall and Court ruled that Congress had exceeded its constitutional authority; set standard for judicial review |
| Judicial review | principle that Supreme Court can review and reject measures passed by Congress |
| Louisiana Purchase | Jefferson's purchase of interior of North American from France; virtually doubled size of United States |
| Sacajawea | Shoshone Indian who guided Lewis and Clark on expedition; acted as symbol of peace between tribes |
| Lewis and Clark expedition | two-year exploration of newly acquired territory |
| Aaron Burr | American politician; served as the third Vice President under Thomas Jefferson |
| "Northern Confederacy" | plotted alliance of Nova Scotia, New England, New York, Pennsylvania by Aaron Burr |
| Burr Conspiracy | suspected treasonous group of planters, politicians, and army officers led by former U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr |
| Quids | Republicans who subscribed to "country ideology" |
| Country ideology | celebrated wisdom of farmer against rulers and warned against governments' tendency to encroach on liberty |
| Orders in Council | a series of British trade decrees through which Britain intended to blockade part of continental Europe; staunch flow of products that might aid French war effort |
| The Cheasapeake | US frigate that heightened tensions between British-American tensions |
| Impressment | British practice of taking deserters and others from American ships for service in the Royal Navy |
| Embargo Act of 1807 | Jefferson's attempt at peaceable coercion by suspending American trade with France and England |
| Non-Intercourse Act | mostly ineffective act that lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports; meant to damage the economies of the Britain/France |
| Macon's Bill No. 2 | act to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars |
| War hawks | Republicans that advocated for war against Britain in the War of 1812 |
| Tecumseh | Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy that opposed the United States during the War of 1812 |
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