endocrine system
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 adrenocorticotropic hormone | triggers the release of glucocorticoids by the suprarenal cortex. |
| follicle stimulating hormone | stimulates follicle development and estrogen secretion in females and sperm production in males |
| calcitriol | stimulates calcium and phosphate ion absorption along the digestive tract |
| erythropoietin | stimulates red blood cell production by the bone marrow |
| FSH production in males supports | maturation of sperm by stimulating nurse cells |
| ADH and oxytocin are hormones release by | neurohypophysis |
| cells hormone sensitivities are determined by the | presence or absence of appropriate receptors |
| paracrine | use of a chemical messenger to transfer information from cell to cell within a single tissue is referred to as _________ communication |
| alpha cells | glucagon |
| beta cells | insulin |
| delta cells | somatostatin |
| F cells | pancreatic polypeptide |
| what makes up the endocrine pancreas? | alpha, beta, delta, F cells |
| Increased blood calcium levels would result in increased | secretion of calcitonin |
| growth is affected by | growth hormone, thyroid hormones, insulin, parathyroid hormone, calcitriol, and reproductive hormones |
| cells of endocrine pancreas from clusters called | pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) |
| C cells of the thyroid follicles produce | calcitonin (CT) which help to regulate Ca+2 concentrations in body fluids, especially during childhood and pregnancy |
| thymus produces a hormone called | thymosins, which play a role in developing and maintaining normal immune defenses |
| General Adaptation syndrome (GAS) | alarm phase, resistance phase, and exhaustion phase |
| alarm phase | immediate flight or fight response under direction of the sympathetic division of the ANS |
| resistance phase | dominated by glucocorticoids |
| exhaustion phase | eventual breakdown of homeostatic regulation and failure of one or more organ systems |
| kidneys produce the hormones | calcitriol and erythtoprotein and the enzyme renin |
| insulin lowers blood glucose by increasing | the rate of glucose uptake and utilization' |
| glucagon raises blood sugar by | increasing the rates of glycogen breakdown and glucose manufacture in the liver |
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