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667ml of 25% and 333ml of 10% If you have 25% dextrose and 10% dextrose, how many ml of each would you need to make 1000ml of a 20% solution? 35mg/hr An IV has been ordered to run at 2.5gtts/min. The IV contains 875mg of Amoxicillin in a total of 250ml. How many mg of Amoxicillin will be given to the patient per hour if the IV is set to deliver 15gtts/ml? Absorption What is the term for the process by which substances are taken up and transported to the bloodstream? 75ml If a prescription calls for 375mg of penicillin per day for 10 days how much of a 250mg/5ml suspension should be dispensed? 12:00AM 6/1/99 The expiration date on a bottle of Vicodin is 5/99. When does this drug expire? qhs What is the sig code for every night at bedtime? in left ear The directions for a medication read, "i - ii gtts as q 4 h x 10 days". What is the meaning of "as"? 480ml The doctor prescribes Robitussin AC, one pint. How many mls are needed for one pint? for the ear A prescription reads "ii gtts au qid." What auxillary label should be affixed to the container? hig blood pressure Pseudoephidrine is contrandicated with which of the following? 144 If the dose for Quaifenesin is 2.5ml, how many doses will a patient receive if given a 12 ounce bottle? special coating to prevent dissolution is stomach What does enteric coated mean? 954mg/day The dose of Penicillin V for a 7 year old is 35mg/kg/day, divided into doses every 6 hours. How many mg/day should a 60lb child receive? 100 How many 1 ounce bottles of Cheratussin can be made from a 3 liter container of Cheratussin? No interest if paid in full within 30 days A phamacy receives a Cardinal Invoice reading "$6,000, net 30." Under those payment terms the pharmacy will be charged... Ibuprofen This medication is an NSAID. anticonvulsants that may be used to treat generalized seisures. Phenytoin, Carbamazepine and Phenobarbital are all ____________. 2(b+d+f) + (a+c+e) = x (i.e AH1327142) **abcdefx Formula for testing DEA #'s authenticity. examples of Calcium Channel Blockers Isoptin, Cardizem and Vascor are all _________________. $15.00 If you pay $35 for Verapamil and the selling price is $50, what is the markup for the drug? 43% If you pay $35 for Verapamil and the selling price is $50, what is the percentage markup based on cost? 30% If you pay $35 for Verapamil and the selling price is $50, what is the percent gross profit? 147ml The initial dose of Rebif is 0.7mg/kg/hr for 12 hours. How many ml of Rebif IV solution containing 400mg/ml would be needed for an adult male weighing 154lbs during this 12 hour period? needs to be stored at room temperature, sublingual tablets need to be dispensed in original glass containers and must be replaced after 6 months of opening. Some rules pertaining to Nitroglycerin tablets are as follows... was exposed to excessive cold. The appearance of crystals in a mannitol injection would indicate that the product ___________. the bore What does the gauge of a needle refer to? Furosemide This medication is a diuretic. interfere with the absorption of iron. Antacids, milk and Tetracycline can all __________________. decongestant Pseudoephedrine is classifed as a ____________. 30 66lbs is equal to __kg. Amoxicillin-Dextromethorphan A non-life threatening drug interaction could be _________________. in the refrigerator. Insulin should be stored _____________. 1:1 In what ratio should 50% alcohol be mixed with 10% alcohol to obtain a 30% alcohol solution? 0.625ml If a vial of heparin contains 20,000U/ml, how many ml are needed for a 12,500U dose? do not require a PPI each time they're dispensed. Accutane, Premarin and Proventil Zidovudine Which drug is used to prevent pregnant women with HIV from passing the virus to their babies? 6 How many ounces would you be dispensing for a prescription requiring 180ml? class I A _____________ drug recall indicates that the product will cause serious adverse health conditions or death. Levigation The process of reducing the size of particles and incorporating solids into lotions, creams and ointments. Also refers to the formation of a paste by adding small amounts of a liquid or ointment base to a powder with a spatula. 2 - 8C Storage requirements after reconstitution for ceclor 125mg5ml. drug manufacturer A product's NDC number is grouped into three sections. The first five digits identify... acetaminophen The preferred method for treating flu and fever in children is ____________. 30 minutes. After turning off the laminar flow hood, how long must it be turned back on before use? potassium sparing diuretics. Amiloride, Spironolactone and Triamterene are all _______________. 167ml/hr if a D5W/.45% NS 1000ml solution is administered over 6 hours, how many ml/hr would you need to set the flow rate for? Pharmacokinetics The study of the rates at which drugs and their metabolites are absorbed into, distributed through and eliminated from the body. 60 1 grain is equal to ___ mg. 0.25mg/min A patient weighing 110lbs is ordered to recieve 5mcg/kg/min of an iv solution containing 600mg in 250ml D5W. The IV dose rate is ________. 0.6ml A drug is available in a concentration of 50mg/10ml. How many ml are needed for a 3mg dose. the people in the room. A major source of contamination in a clean room is ___________. $10.89 A compound prescription requires using 10 Tetracycline capsules which cost $25 per 50 capsules and 100 gr of Triamcinolone ointment which costs $9 per pound. If there is a $4 dispensing fee what would the total cost be for this prescription? 22 micron What is the appropriate size HEPA filter used in a laminar flow hood? 2.5ml An acetaminophen elixer is available in a 0.05mg/ml concentration. How many mls are needed for a 0.125mg dose? 177ml of 90% and 296ml of 10% How much 90% alcohol must be mixed with 10% alcohol to make 473ml of a 40% alcohol solution? 9gtts/min Heparin 25,000U in 250 ml D5W is running through an administration set delivering 60gtts/ml. What is the flow rate required to deliver 15U/min? loss of potassium A common side effect of diuretic therapy is _____________. rebound congestion. A side effect of polonged use of a topical decongestant could be ___________________. 2% If 15g of a 1% Hydrocortisone ointment is combined with 30g of a 2.5% Hydrocortisone ointment, what is the resulting percentage strength of the final product? 685ml How much water should be added 95% ethanol to make 1 liter of a 30% ethanol solution? 120ml A doctor orders 125mg/5ml Dilantin suspension to replace an order that reads "Dilantin 100mg, dispense #30, SIG: i tid." What quantity of the suspension should be dispensed? 60 How many tablets containing 250mg of Penicillin are needed to make 150ml suspension containing 100mg/ml? Tenormin This drug is classifed as a beta blocking agent. 20 A prescription for Coumadin 7.5mg reads "ii ts po bid x 3 days, ii ts po qd x 3 days, i t po qd x 2 days" How many tablets should be dispensed? Distribution The process that moves a drug from the bloodstream to the area where it will exert its pharmacological effect is called what? Side to side from back to front. When cleaning a laminar flow hood, this is the method that should be used. diuretics. Bumex, Dyazide and Lasix are classifed as _____________. at least 6 inches When preparing an IV solution is a laminar flow hood the technician should work at least this distance within the hood. narcotic analgesics Codeine, Percocet and Demerol are all classified as what? Warfarin-Aspirin An example of a major drug-drug interaction would be what? Beta-antagonists Albuterol, Bitolterol and Metaproterenol are all classified as _______________. Antitussive Destromethorphan is classified as what? Trituration This is the process of reducing solids into fine particles by rubbing them with a mortar and pestle. It is used to reduce the size of particles and to blend powders. Antiarrythmic Lanoxin would be classified into which category? 50% of original up to 1 year If a pharmacist asks a technician to repack bulk solid dosage forms into unit does packs, what expiration date should appear on the label? enteric coated tablets What dosage form is designed to dissolve in the intestines rather than the stomach? refrigerator Phenergan suppositores should be stored where? 1/30 2mg = x grains, x = ? it will not accumulate in the body. When a vitamin is water soluble it means ______. antacid Calcium Carbonate is classified as a/an ____________. categorized in same therapeutic class and produce the same therapeutic effect Therapeutic equivalance means drugs are ________________________. isopropyl alcohol. When cleaning a laminar flow hood which solution should be used? 400mg If the doctor ordered 100mg Dilantin qid, what's the total daily dose the patient will receive? hypertension Alpha and beta blockers and diuretics are all used to treat what? NSAID What classification best describes Fenoprofen, Ketoprofen and Ibuprofen? FDA Regulates drug quality. Shedule II Codiene and Oxycodone are both classified as _______________ drugs. as needed The SIG code PRN means what? 20ml Suprax suspension is available in 75mg/5ml. If a prescription calls for 300mg of Suprax, how many mls need to be dispensed? Class II If a blood pressure monitor was found to cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences which type of recall would this be classified as? under the tongue The directions for use of Hyoscamine read "i-ii sl prn" what does "sl" mean? 0.5ml If Procrit is available in a 0.1mg.ml concentration, how many mls are needed for a 50mcg dose? antibiotics Biaxin, Cefzil and Zithromax are all classified as what? 1 tablespoon If a prescription reads "iii teaspoonfuls" what would another way be to write it? Narcotic A drug that induces insensibility and relieves pain but is also addicting would be what? 2 30 grains = x grams, x = ? Formulary Hospitals or managed healthcare organizations list drugs that have been approved for use on the basis of therapeutic and economic consdierations. What is the common name of such a list? gr Grain ipecac syrup What medication may be given to induce vomiting? Expectorant An agent that promotes the discharge of mucus from the respiratory tract is called what? Antihistamine Astemizole, Fexofenadine and Loratidine would all fit into this classification. Young's Rule for Child's Dosing age in years/ (age in years + 12) x adult dose= childs dose Clark's Rule for Child's Dosing weight/150 x adult dose = childs dose dialysis The movement of particles in a solution through permeaable membranes is called what? keep blood from clotting in the device Why is Heparin used in a herarin lock? Fleming _________ discovered penicillin could kill some bacteria. 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment This defined what drugs require a prescription. Food and Drug Act of 1906 This prohibited interstate commerce in adulterated and misbranded food, drinks and drugs. 1938 Food Drug and Cosmetic Act This came into effect because of fatal poisoning from liquid sulfanilamide, it required new drugs to be shown to be safe before marketing. Justice Department The DEA is located within this branch of the US Government. monograph The manufacturer must follow _________ requirements to be able to market their drug without FDA new drug approval. state board of Pharmacy. Responsible for pharmacist licensing in each state. IND (Investigational New Drug) During clinical trials a propsed drug is called what? Kefauver-Harris Amendment This requires drug manufacturers to provide proof of safety and efficacy. Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference Where you'd find information on a drug from England. Pharmacy Times An example of a trade journal would be this. The Merck Index This is an encyclopedic source of chemical substance data. Remington, The Sceince and Practice of Pharmacy This is the most comprehensive text covering pharmaceutical sciences. NDC The drug manufacturer assigns this to each drug it produces. Drug Facts and Comparisons This provides comprehensive and timely drug information about prescriptions and OTC products. Model Curriculum for Pharmacy Technician Traning This is published by the ASHP (American Society of Health systems Pharmacists). Goodman and Gilman's This is the name of the principal pharmacology text. three The USP DI has this many volumes. The Red Book This provides national recognized AWP's and NDC's for FDA approved drugs. Tertiary __________ literature contains condensed works based on primary literature such as textbooks and monographs. Protected Health Information (PHI) HIPAA, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act contains regulations related to what? Schedule II, III, and IV drugs Caution: Federal law prohibits the transfer of this drug to any person other than the patient for whom it was prescribed. This labe must appear on which prescription drugs? au both ears ou both eyes as left ear ad right ear os left eye od right eye insurer In managed care, care is managed by who? 20 hours, 2 years CPhTs need _____ of continuing education ever ____ years to renew certification. patenting This protects against illegal copying of new discoveries. Necrosis The death of cells is referred to as what? minimum effective concentration This is the blood concentration needed to produce a response. 1-2 the stomach's pH is around ____. Idosyncratic This type of reaction can occur the first time a drug is given to a patient. Synergism This can occur when two drugs with similar pharmacological effects produce greater effects when taken together. Additive effects This can occur when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions reults in an effect equal to the sum of their individual effects. rapidly Children between the ages of 1 and 12 metabolize certain drugs more _________ than adults. Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 This protects people from unsanitary and poorly labled food. Medical Device Amendment of 1976 This calls for classification, safety and efficacy of medical devices. Orphan Drug Act of 1983 Passed for drugs that treat diseases that affect very few people to help with tax relief and other incentives for manufactures to develp and market such drugs. Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 Also known as Waxman Hatch Amendment, passed to make generic drugs more readily available to the public and provides more incentives to pharmacuetical companies to develop them. OTC drug categories Category I: includes generally safe, effective and not misbranded. Category II: includes ingredients that are not considred safe, effective and are misbranded. Category III: includes ingredients for which data is insufficient to permit classification. PPI FDA passed this law in 1970 that states certain drugs require a package insert indicating the uses, risks and precautions of such drugs. Some examples are Isotretinoin, Oral Contraceptives, Isoproterenol, Ticlopidine, Progesterone, Estrogen and Intrauterine Devices. barrel and plunger What are the two main parts of a syringe? tip and plunger To maintain sterility these parts of the syringe should not be touched. The final edge of the plunger piston should line up wtih the graduation mark on the barrel. This is the technique to proper measuring with a syringe. bevel and hub What are the two main parts of a needle? hub This is the part of the needle that connects to the syringe. eutectic What kind of compounds liquefy when they're brought together? 24 Medication carts commonly provide how many hours of medication for specific patients? 6000mg A patient is taking three 100mg capsules of phenytoin (Dilantin) each day. How much Phenytoin would the patient take in 20 days? medication duplication Theo-Dur and Uni-Dur are an example of what? norethindrone A Patient Package Insert is mandatory when dispensing ___________. cyanocobalamin deficiency An inadequate supply of viatmin B-12 is also known as what? Calcium-Channel Blocker Verapamil is classified as what? Digoxin (Lanoxin) An example of a Cardiac Glycocide would be what? Expectorant What is a medication to relieve a dry hacking cough called? refrigerated After reconstituion, Ceclor 123mg/5ml should be __________. parenteral routes Intraocular, intranasal and vaginal are all examples of what? bioavailability The amount of a drug that is availe to the site of action and the rate at which it is available is known as what? flow rate The rate at which the solution is administered to the patient. infusion The slow continuous introduction of a solution into the blood stream. piggyback A small volume solution added to an LVP (Large volume parenteral) proper aseptic techniques Wearing a gown, wearing gloves and swabbing the vial with alcohol are all examples of what? Schedule I This type of drug has no accepted medical use in the United States. DEA and State Board of Pharmacy According to federal law, in the event of suspected theft of a Shedule II medication the pharmacy is required to notify who? Cephalexin (Keflex) This should be avoided in patients who are allergic to Cefaclor (Ceclor). Acetaminophen (Tylenol) This should be recommended by the pharmacist to treat simple headache in patients who are taking naproxen for inflammation. central supply or materials management The area of the hospital responsible for distributing supplies to all areas of the facility is called what? other non-consulting activities In a home care team the pharmacy technician may be involved with compounding, labeling deliver and _____________. registered nurse This member of the home team is responsible for educating the patient. floor stock Stock such as large volume parenterals stored on a nursing unit that does not require specific labeling is called what? Pharmacy and Therapuetics Committee Consists of doctors, pharmacists, nurses and other health care professionals whose responsibilites inclue reviewing medications for the formulary and providing guidlines for medication use throughout the institution. acute A sudden condition requiring immediate treatment is called a/an ______ condition. temperature conversion 9c=5f-160 weight conversion kg x 2.2 = lb or lb/2.2 = kg prescriber profile This includes state identification numbers and affiliations with facilities and insurers. 1/6 The pharmacuetical manufacturing industry devotes about ___ of its income to research and development. 10 The length of time from the beginning of development of a new drug to FDA approval is often more than __ years. pharmacopeia An authoritive listing of drugs and issues related to their use is called what? Imhotep The Egyptian God of Medicine Panacea The ancient Greek Goddess of Medicinal Herbs. Wholesalers Who provides inventory management systems to their customers as part of their service? Watson and Crick Identified the structures of DNA. Hormones Substances produced by the body to regulated bodily functions and processes. Three How many phases of testing in humans does the FDA require? placebo The inactive substance given in place of a medication in clinical trials is called what? Pharmacuetically equivalent Two drugs that have the same active ingredients, same dossage form, same route of administration and same strength are said to be what? Recalls _______ are listed in the weekly FDA Enforcement Report. Secondary Literature that containse general reference works based upon primary literature. pacakge size Last set of numbers in the NDC indicate what? drug Second set of numbers in the NDC indicate what? enzyme A complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions into other substances. psychological The placebo effect is called a ______ variable. 7-8 This is the pH of an alkaline substance. HEPA filter and a steril object. Nothing must interupt the flow of air between the ___________. quinapril accupril triamterene/htcz dyazide propoxyphene darvocet amitriptylene elavil ranitidine zantac fluoxetine prozac clonazepam klonopin fluticasone flonase paxil paroxetine clopidogrel plavix hydrocodone vicodin, lortab, lorcet, norco zolpidem ambien fluconazole diflucan pravastatin pravachol levothyroxine synthroid warfarin coumadin oxycodone oxycontin amlodipine norvasc verapamil calan ciprofloxacin cipro azithromycin zithromax cephalexin keflex gyburide diabeta atenolol tenormin albuterol proventil citalopram celexa glipizide glucotrol lisinopril prinivil carisoprodol soma potassium k-dur metformin glucophage cyclobenzaprine flexeril sertraline zoloft naproxen naprosyn gabapentin neurontin alprazolam xanax ativan lorazepam vasotec enalapril viagra sildenafil diovan valsartan lopressor metoprolol tartrate effexor xr venlafaxine levaquin levofloxacin altace ramipril zyloprim allopurinol singular montelukast toprol xl metoprolol succinate desyrel trazadone actos pioglitazone protonix pantoprazole zyrtec cetirizine celebrex celecoxib fosamax alendronate actonel risedronate prevacid lansoprazole zetia exetimibe lipitor atorvastatin lexapro escitalopram avandia rosiglitazone nexium esomeprazole zocor simvastatin tolerodine detrol methylphenidate concerta famotadine pepcid meloxicam mobic triamcinolone kenalog cymbalta duloxetine acyclovir zovirax niacin niaspan cialis tadalafil metaxalone skelaxin Etodolac Lodine terazosin hytrin buspirone buspar olmesartan benicar sumatriptan imitrex divaloprex depakote olanzapine zyprexa desloratadine clarinex phenazopyridine pyridium olopatadine patanol methotrexate trexall rosuvastatin crestor valacyclovir valtrex atomoxetine strattera glimepiride amaryl hydroxyzine atarax topiramate topamax IM intramuscular SC, sub-q subcutaneous ac before meals pc after meals qsad add sufficient quanity f, ft make as m mix mEq milliequivalent gtt drop mcg micrograms D5W dextrose 5% water elix elixir NS normal saline UNG ointment ATC around the clock ss 1/2, one-half qam every morning qpm every evening qh every hour qd every day --azepam anti-anxiety agents --oxacin antibiotics --caine local anesthetics --cillin penicillins --peridol antipsychotics --vastatin antihyperlipidemics --olone steroids --thiazide diuretics --bamate tranquilizers --conazole anti-fungals ASHP 30,000 member association for pharmacists practicing in hospitals, HMOs, long-term care facilities, home care agencies and other health care systems. It is an accrediting organization for pharmacy residency and pharmacy technician training programs. United States Pharmacopeia A voluntary non-profit organization that sets standards for the manufacture and distribution of drugs and related to products in the United States. These standards are directly referred to by federal and state laws. JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health care Organizations) A non-profit organization that establishes standards and monitors compliance for nearly twenty thousand health care programs in the United States, including hospitals, health care networks, HMOs and nursing homes. ASCP (American Society for Consultant Pharmacists) Sets standards for practice for pharmacists who provide medication distribution and consultatn services to nursing homes. CMEA (Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act) This federal law sets daily and monthly limits on OTC sale of pseudoephedrine and ephedrine. Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914 This required that all manufacturers, importers and physicians prescribing narcotics be licensed and taxed. OBRA (1990 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act) Requires pharmacists to offer counseling to Medicaid patients. legend Drugs that require a prescription are referred to as ______ drugs. MedWatch This is the FDA reporting service for adverse effects that occur from use of approved drugs. Erthrocytes Red blood cells that trasport oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxidefrom the cells to the lungs. Leukocytes White blood cells that fight bacterial infections by producing antibodies. hepa-- liver hemat--, hemo-- blood my-- muscle osis-- increase --itis inflammation --algia pain --oma tumor derma skin mast breast gastr stomach neur nerve neph, ren kidney cyst-- bladder pulmon, pneum lung --osis condition of --ary pertaining to pect, pector chest para- around nas nose hyper high hypo low ocul, ophthalm eye otic, ot ear mycosis fungal infection --logy study of blephar eyelid iso-- equal meta-- beyond, after, changing --pathy disease antianginal relieves heart pain anticoagulant dissolves or prevents blood clots antispasmodic relieves intestinal cramping antiemetic prevents nausea and vomiting antipruritic prevents and relieves itching antihyperlipidemic lowers high cholesterol levels keratolytics destroys hard skin layers such as warts pyschotropic changes mental state hormones and modifiers Insulins, estrogens and thyroid medications are all examples of this drug classification. Respitory Antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives and bronchodilators are all classifications of drugs used to treat disorders related to this system of the body. Benzodiazepines Sedatives are drugs that are intended to relax and calm. Antianxiety medications such as diazepam and chlordazepoxide are included in this group. anemia A decrease in hemoglobin or red blood cells. Hematopoietics are drugs that would be used to treat this condition. --pril drugs (i.e Verapamil, Quinapril, Lisinopril) ACE inhibitors vasopressors Classification of drugs that act to increase blood pressure. myocardium heart muscle proventil and/or proair albuterol hfa inhalers