chapter two- changes in matter
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 solid | state of matter with a definite volume and definite shape |
| crystalline solids | solids that are made up of crystals |
| amorphous solids | solids that are not arranged in a regular pattern |
| liquid | state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape |
| fluid | means "a substance that flows" |
| viscosity | the resistance of a liquid to flowing |
| gas | state of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume |
| temperature | a measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance |
| pressure | the force of its outward push divided by the area of the walls of its container |
| Boyle's law | the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature |
| Charles's law | the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at a constant pressure |
| graphs | diagrams that tell how two variables are related |
| directly proportional | relationship between two variables whose graph is a straight line passing through the point (0,0) |
| vary inversely | relationship between two variables whose graph forms a curve that slopes downwards |
| thermal energy | energy from the movement of a substance's particles |
| chemical energy | chemical bonds within matter |
| law of conservation of energy | a principle that states that the total amount of energy stays the same during every physical change and chemical change |
| melting | the change in state from a solid to a liquid |
| freezing | the change of state from a liquid to a solid |
| vaporization | the change of state from a liquid to a gas, occurs when a liquid gains enough energy to become a gas |
| evaporation | type of vaporization, takes place on surface of liquid |
| boiling | type of vaporization, takes place inside a liquid as well as the surface |
| condensation | occurs when a gas loses enough thermal energy to become a liquid |
| sublimation | occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy to become a gas |
| chemical reaction | another name for a chemical change |
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