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Industrial Revolution time of dramatic changes in agriculture, industry, and technology revolution complete change or turning around Age of Industry began from Industrial Revolution 1760-1900 substinence farming growing just enough food to feed own families Protestant work ethic way of life based on Biblical teaching that God expects all men to work and all work is a noble duty to be performed toward God Jethro Tull seed drill John Deere steel plow Cyrus McCormick reaper domestic system work done in small private shops, usually within the home factory system many people employed to produce manufactured goods in a systematic way for wages John Kay flying shuttle James Hargreaves spinning jenny Richard Arkwright spinning frame Samuel Crompton spinning mule Edmund Cartwright power loom Enclosure Movement landowners enclose their land with fences or hedges in order to raise sheep Eli Whitney cotton gin James Watt steam engine Sir Humphry Davy miner's safety lamp Bessemer and Kelly developed the iron to steel process Robert Fulton first practical steamship George Stephenson first practical steampowered locomotive; railroad Gottlieb Daimler internal combustion engine Rudolf Diesel diesel engine Karl Benz invented first modern automobile Henry Ford improved first modern automobile Samuel Morse electric telegraph Cyrus Field first successful transatlantic telegraph cable Alexander Graham Bell telephone in 1876 Guglielmo Marconi wireless telegraph and radio John Dalton atomic theory Michael Faraday discovered relationship between electricity and magnetism leading to invention of electric motor and electric generator Lord Kelvin laws of thermodynamics James Clerk Maxwell foundation for electrical engineering Pierre and Marie Curie polonium and radium Edward Jenner developed the first vaccine Louis Pasteur germ theory of disease Joseph Lister antiseptics Thomas Alva Edison "Wizard of Menlo Park" Capitalism private ownership of the means of producition John D. Rockefeller oil industry Andrew Carnegie steel industry; wrote "Gospel of Wealth" J.P Morgan banking industry philanthropy love of mankind Adam Smith wrote "Wealth of Nations" free trade trade without government interference