BLOOD
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hemostasis | stoppage of bleeding in a quick and localized fashion when blood vessels are damaged |
| Clot | gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers |
| Coagulation Fibers | chemicals involved in clotting |
| blood clots | prevent hemorrhage |
| Vascular spasm | reduce blood loss for several hours until other mechanisms can take over, stimulate pain receptors when there is damage to blood vessels |
| Platelet adhesion | platelets stick to exposed collagen underlying damaged enothelial cells in vessel walls |
| Platelet realease reaction | activated by adhesion, extend projections to make contact with eachother, release thromboxane A2 & ADP |
| Serotonin & thromboxane A2 | vasconstrictiors that decrease blood flow through the injured vessels |
| Platelet aggregation | activated platelets stick together and activate new platelets to form a platelet plug |
| coagulation | formation of fibrin threads |
| thrombosis | clotting of an unbroken vessel |
| fibroblasts & endothelial | cells that repair the blood vessel |
| Embolus | clot, air bubble, or fat from broken bone in the blood |
| type A | blood has Agglutinogens A on RBC and Agglutinins anti B in the plasma |
| Type B | blood has Aggluninogens B and agglutinins anti A |
| Type AB | blood has both Agglutinogens A and B but no agglutinins |
| type O | blood has neither agglutinogen but both types of agglutinins |
| Agglutination | clumping of RBC following a transfusion |
| Agglutinogen | recognition markers on RBC membranes |
| Agglutinins | found in plasma |
| Type AB | 4% of blood |
| Type B | 11% of blood |
| Type A | 40% of blood |
| Type O | 45% of blood |
| RhoGAM | prevents antibodies from being produced |
| Anemia | not enough red blood cells |
| blood | only liquid CT composed of plasma and formed elements |
| Distribution,Regulation, Protection | functions of blood |
| Venipuncture | technique of blood sampling |
| hematocrit | formed elements |
| albumin | maintains blood osmotic pressure |
| Globulins | antibodies bind to foreign substances called antigens |
| Fibrinogen | for blood clotting |
| Plasma lipidproteins | HDL, LDL, VLDL |
| amino acids, urea, uric acid | non protein nitrongenous substances include: |
| red blood cells | erythrocytes |
| white blood cells | leukocytes |
| neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils | granular leukocytes include: |
| granular and agranular | two types of leukocytes |
| lymphocytes, monocytes | agranular leukocytes include: |
| B cells, T cells, natural killer cells | lymphocytes include: |
| platelets | thrombocytes |
| polycythemia | too many RBC's |
| erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, cytokines | blood growth factors |
| erythropoietin | produced by the kidneys and increase RBC precursors |
| thrombopoietin | hormone from liver stimulates platelet formation |
| cytokines | local hormones of bone marrow |
| myeloid stem cells | give rise to RBC's and platelets and all WBC's except for lymphocytes |
| leukopoieses | production of WBC's |
| leukocytosis | high WBC count |
| leukopenia | low WBC count |
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