Fish and Amphibians
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Created by:
BroAshleysHere on March 18, 2010
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55 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 notochord | Place for muscle attachment |
| dorsal hollow nerve cord | becomes spinal cord |
| pharyngeal pouches | becomes jaw, inner ear, etc. |
| the ocean | Where did life first evolve? |
| vertebral column | Replaces the notochord and protects the nerve chord or spinal cord |
| cartilage, bone | The vertebral column is made up of ______ or ______ |
| jaws | Allow for eating larger prey and protection against predators |
| closed circulatory system | The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins |
| atria, ventricles | The heart is made up of _____ and ______ |
| complete digestive system | Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine |
| excretory system | Kidneys with nephrons filter blood and get rid of urinary wastes |
| nervous system | Brain and spinal cord |
| sexually | All vertebrates reproduce _____ |
| paired fins | Used by fish for balance, steering, and propulsion |
| scales | Help to streamline the fish and produce a slimy mucus so they can swim faster |
| gills | Remove oxygen from the water |
| mouth, gills | (Fish) Water flows through the _____ and over the ____ |
| operculum | The ______ protects the gills |
| spawning | Releasing sperm and eggs in the water for external fertilization |
| Agnatha | Jawless fish - Class _____ |
| jawless fish | simplest fish, first to evolve |
| jawless fish | Fish that do not have jaws, scales, or paired fins |
| cartilage | Jawless fish have a skeleton made of _____ |
| Chondrichthyes | Cartilaginous Fish - Class _____ |
| cartilage | Cartilaginous fish have a skeleton made of ______ |
| cartilaginous fish | Fish that are very fast and flexible |
| cartilaginous fish | Fish that contain paired fins, sharp teeth, and tooth-like scales |
| hagfish, lamprey | Examples of jawless fish |
| sharks, skates, rays | Examples of cartilaginous fish |
| Osteichthyes | Bony fish - Class _____ |
| bone | Bony fish have a skeleton made of _____ |
| swim bladder | Filled with air to keep the fish buoyant |
| salmon, clown fish, tuna | Examples of bony fish |
| Amphibia | Amphibians - Class ______ |
| tadpoles live in water, have gills and tail; adult frogs live on land, have lungs and legs | Explain frogs' "double life" |
| moist, scales | Amphibians have ____ skin and no _____ |
| skin | Amphibians' gas exchange occurs through _____ |
| ectotherms | Amphibians are (ectotherms/endotherms) |
| environment | Amphibians must get heat from the _____ |
| predators, small animals | Adult amphibians are ____; they feed on ______ |
| digestive tract, cloaca | (Amphibians) Food moves through the ____, and wastes are stored in the _____ |
| cloaca | Holds digestive wastes, urinary wastes, and gametes to be removed |
| hibernate | (Amphibians) Breathing through the skin allows them to _____ during the winter |
| three-chambered (two atria, one ventricle) | Amphibians have a ______ heart |
| double-loop circulatory system | Blood goes from the heart to the lungs and back, from the heart to the body and back |
| odors | Amphibians' brains are developed to detect _____ in the air |
| vision | Primary sense for amphibians |
| nictitating membrane | Translucent eyelid that provides protection; keeps eyes from drying out outside, acts like goggles underwater |
| tympanic membrane | Eardrum (detects sound wave vibration) |
| external | Amphibians have ____ fertilization |
| underwater | Amphibians lay eggs _____ |
| sticky substance | After fertilization, Amphibians' eggs are covered with a _____ |
| frogs - stronger, more powerful limbs, moist, smooth skin, stay close to water; toads - shorter legs, bumpy, dry skin, glands on the back that produce poison | Explain the difference between frogs and toads |
| long, slim bodies with neck and tails, cannot live far from water | Describe salamanders and newts |
| aquatic | Newts remain _____ throughout their life |
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