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Stress is any circumstance that may be real or perceived and threatens one's well-being. health psychology is a field of psychology that contributes to behavioral medicine. what is the stress response system? Canon proposed that stress response (fast) was a fight-or-flight response marked by outpour of epinephrine and norepinephrine from inner adrenal glands. Type A more physiologically reactive when placed in stressful circumstances. These people are time-conscious, motivated, verbally aggressive and easily angered. Hostility and anger have been shown to be highly related to risk for coronary artery disease and heart attack, even when taking into account other known risk factors. Type B personality laid back, easy going... much less likely to have heart attacks and coronary complications. perceived Research with rats and humans has indicated that absence of control over stressors is a predictor of health problems. explanatory People with optimistic (compared to pessimistic) explanatory style tend to have more control over stressors, cope better with stressful events, have better moods and have a stronger immune system. social support supportive family members, marriage partners, and close friends help people cope with stress. their immune functioning calms the cardiovascular system and lowers blood pressure. life - style Modifying Type A life-style can reduce recurrence of heart attacks. spirituality relate to stress regular religious attendance has been a reliable predictor of a longer life span with a reduced risk of dying. Biofeedback system uses electronic devices to inform people about their physiological responses, and gives them the chance to bring their response into a healthier range.