| Term | Definition |
|---|
| relief | the difference in elevation between the highest and the lowest parts of an area |
| topography | the shape of the land |
| lithosphere | the solid, rocky outer layer of Earth |
| atmosphere | the mixture of gases that surrounds Earth |
| biosphere | all living things |
| plain | flat or gently rolling land with low relief |
| plateau | a landform that has high elevation and a fairly level surface |
| elevation | the height above sea level of a point on Earth's surface |
| landform region | a large area of land where the topography is similar |
| hydrosphere | Earth's oceans, lakes, rivers, and ice |
| key | a list of all the symbols used on a map with an explanation of their meaning |
| symbols | pictures that stand for features on Earth's surface |
| equator | the imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North and South poles |
| longitude | the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian |
| hemisphere | one half of the sphere that makes up Earth's surface |
| degree | 1/360 of the way around a full circle |
| globe | a sphere that represents Earth's entire surface |
| latitude | the distance in degrees north or south of the equator |
| scale | the relationship between the distance on a map to distance on Earth's surface |
| prime meridian | the imaginary line that makes a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through Greenwich, England |
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