Ch. 13 Mountain Building
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Created by:
jakeandthefatcat on March 22, 2010
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 active continental margin | plate boundary where mountains are formed |
| anticline | parallel rock layers folded upward, like an arch |
| craton | core rock base of a continent |
| fault | a crack or break in a rock |
| fault plane | the surface that rocks move along when plates shift |
| fault-block mountains | mountain range formed when sections of sedimentary rocks are tilted upward in sections (Utah, Arizona, New Mexico) |
| folded mountains | mountain range formed by collision of continental plates, causing rock layers to be crumpled (Alps, Hymalayas) |
| normal fault | a "dip-slip" fault that occurs when rocks are pulled apart, causing one side to move downward |
| overturning | rock layers that are flipped upside-down during the mountain-building process |
| passive continental margin | area along the coast where sediment are deposited |
| reverse fault | a "dip-slip" fault caused by the compression of rocks. rocks that crack and are thrust upward, forming an overhang |
| strike-slip fault | a fault where rock plates move horizontally to each other |
| syncline | parallel rock layers folded downward in a valley-like formation |
| terrane | large pieces of rock that are moved large distances; can be from another plate |
| thin-skinned thrusting | thin, horizontal sheets of rock from the edge of a continent are forced inland |
| dome mountains | formed as magma tries to push up through the crust but fails to break the surface |
| upwarped mountains | created with broad arching of the Earth's crust (Black Hills, SD) |
| transform fault | a strike slip fault associated with plate boundaries (San Andreas Fault) |
| dip-slip fault | either a normal (extensional) or reverse (compressional) fault creating a hanging wall and a foot wall. |
| oblique-slip fault | have both vertical and hrozontal movement |
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