Unit 5:Industrialization and Economic Development (68-90)
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kmartin405 on March 23, 2010
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Services | Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it. |
| Consumer Services | Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services |
| Business Services | Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services |
| Public Services | Services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses. |
| Clustered Rural Settlements | A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement |
| Dispersed Rural Settlements | A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages |
| Enclosure Moment | The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century |
| Gravity Model | A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service. |
| Central Place | A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area |
| Central Place Theory | A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther |
| Market Area | (or hinterland) The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services. |
| Threshold | The minimum number of people needed to support the service. |
| Rank-Size Rule | A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. Reaper A machine that cuts grain standing in the field. |
| Primate City Rule | A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second- ranking settlement. |
| Basic Industries | Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement |
| Non Basic Industries | Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community. |
| Economic Base | A community's collection of basic industries |
| Central Business District | The area of a city where retail and office activates are clustered |
| Sustainable Development | The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development. |
| Greenhouse Effect | Anticipated increase in Earth's temperature, caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface. |
| Global Warming Theory | Theory that the Earth is gradually warming as a result of an enhanced greenhouse effect in the Earth's atmosphere caused by ever-increasing amounts of carbon dioxide produced by various human activities. |
| Renewable Resources | A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans. |
| Nonrenewable Resources | A source of energy or resource that is a finite supply capable of being exhausted. |
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