nursing psychiatric 222
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Created by:
loveofmylife1 on March 24, 2010
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Anhedonia | losing pleasure from activities that they once enjoyed |
| Electroconvulsive therapy | electric shock therapy used to treat depression in select groups of patients who do not respond to antidepressants |
| Anergia | lack of energy |
| Euthymic | average affect and activity |
| Flight of Ideas | racing, often unconnected, thoughts |
| Hypertensive Crisis | a life-threatening condition that results when MAOIs are mixed with tyramine of certain drugs |
| Hypomania | a period of abnormally and persistently elevated mood lasting 4 days and including 3 or 4 additional symptoms |
| Kindling | the process by which seizure activity in a specific area of the brain is initially stimulated by reaching a threshold of the cumulative effects of stress |
| Labile emotions | emotions that are rapidly changing or fluctuating. |
| Latency of response | takes up to 30 sec to answer a question |
| Mania | a distinct period during which mood is abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable |
| Pressured speech | unrelenting, rapid, often loud talking without pauses |
| Psychomotor retardation | slow body movements, slow cognitive processes, and slow verbal interaction |
| Ruminate | repeatedly going over the same thoughts |
| Seasonal affective disorder | a mood disorder with less severe symptoms that is precipitated by the onset of winter |
| Suicidal ideation | thinking about killing oneself |
| Suicidal precautions | measures taken to prevent suicide |
| Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) | A screening test used to identify movement disorders. The client is observed in several positions and the severity of symptoms is rated 0 to 4. |
| Akathesia | Restless movement, pacing, inability to sit still |
| Alogia | Tendency to speak very little or to convey little substance of meaning |
| Blunted affect | Restricted range of emotional feeling, tone, or mood |
| Catatonia | Psychologically induced immobility occasionally marked by periods of agitation oe excitement; the client seems motionless, as if in a trance. |
| Command hallucinations | Disturbed auditory sensory perceptions demanding that the client take action often to harm themselves or others; often referred to as "voices |
| Delusions | Fixed false beliefs that have no basis in reality |
| Dystonic reactions | EPS characterized by spasms in discrete muscle groups such as the neck muscles or eye muscles |
| Echopraxia | Imitation of movements and gestures of another person whom the client is observing |
| Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) Serious neurological side effects of antipsychotic medications | Serious neurological side effects of antipsychotic medications |
| Flat affect | Absence of any facial expression that would indicate emotions or mood |
| Hallucination | False sensory perceptions or perceptual experiences that do not exist in reality |
| Ideas of reference | Client's inaccurate interpretation that general events are personally directed to them |
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | An EPS characterized by a high fever, muscle rigidity, increased muscle enzymes; frequently fatal |
| Neuroleptics | Antipsychotic medications |
| Pseudoparkinsonism | EPS characterized by a shuffling gait, mask-like facies, muscle stiffness, cogwheeling rigidity, drooling, akinesia |
| Agoraphobia | Avoidance of places or situations from which escape might be difficult |
| Anxiety | A vague feeling of dread or apprehension in response to an external stimuli |
| Anxiety disorders | A group of conditions that share a key feature of excessive anxiety with ensuing behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and physiological responses |
| Compulsions | Ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person carries out continuously to neutraize anxiety |
| Defense mechanisms | Cognitive distortions that a person uses unconsciously to maintain a sense of being in control of a situation. |
| Depersonalization | Feelings of being disconnected from oneself; the client feels detached from their behavior |
| Fear | Feeling afraid or threatened by a clearly identifiable external stimulus that represents a danger to that person |
| Flooding | A form of rapid desensitization in which therapist confronts client with the phobic object until it no longer produces anxiety |
| Mild anxiety | Sensation that something is different and warrants special attention |
| Moderate anxiety | The disturbing feeling that something is definitely wrong; the person becomes agitated or nervous |
| Obsessions | Recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses that cause marked anxiety and therefore interfere with normal functioning. |
| Panic attack | 15-30 minutes of rapid, intense, escalating anxiety in which a person experiences great emotional fear and physiologic discomfort |
| Panic disorder | Composed of discrete episodes of panic attacks |
| Phobia | Illogical, intense, persistent fear of a specific object or social situation that causes extreme distress. |
| Positive reframing | Turning negative messages into positive messages |
| Primary gain | The relief of anxiety achieved by performing the specific anxiety driven behavior. |
| Secondary gain | The attention received from others as a result of these behaviors |
| Severe anxiety | Sensation that things are out of control. The person has trouble thinking and reasoning. Muscles tighten and vital signs increase. The person is restless, irritable and angry or freezes. |
| Stress | The wear and tear that life causes on the body. |
| Systematic desensitization | Therapy that involves progressively exposing the client to the threatening object in a safe setting until the client's anxiety decreases. |
| Antisocial personality disorder | Disregard for the rights of others, rules and laws |
| Borderline personality disorder Characterized by unstable relationships, self-image and affect. Impulsive and self-mutilating | Characterized by unstable relationships, self-image and affect. Impulsive and self-mutilating |
| Cognitive restructuring | A technique useful in changing patterns of thinking by helping clients to recognize negative thoughts and replace them with positive patterns of thinking. |
| Confrontation | Technique used to highlight the incongruence between a person's verbalizations and actual behavior. |
| Dysphoric | Involving unhappiness, restlessness, and malaise |
| Limit setting | A technique that involves 3 steps: stating the behavioral limit, identifying the consequences if the limit is exceeded, and identifying the expected or desired outcome |
| Narcissistic personality disorder | Characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy |
| No self-harm contract | An agreement in which a client agrees not to engage in self-harm and to report to the nurse when he is loosing control |
| Obsessive Compulsive personality disorder | Preoccupation with orderliness, perfection, and control |
| Personality | An ingrained enduring pattern of behaving and relating to oneself, others, and the environment |
| Personality disorders | When personality traits become inflexible and maladaptive and significantly interfere with how a person functions |
| Positive self-talk | The client reframes negative thoughts into positive ones |
| Thought stopping | A technique used to alter the process of negative or self-critical thought patterns |
| Time out | Retreat to a neutral place to give the opportunity to regain self-control |
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