Challenge A - Neurons
About this set
Created by:
HSMAMA on April 2, 2010
Classes:
CC, All Cycles, EEL, Challenge A, B, & I, 2011-12 Challenge A
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cell Body (Cyton) | Contains the nucleus (also called the soma.) |
| Neurotransmitters | Chemicals that transmit nerve impulses between neurons. |
| Nucleus | A special type of cell organelle, that acts as the cells "control center". It contains the cell's genetic information in the form of DNA chemicals packaged into chromosomes. |
| Sensory Neuron | A nerve cell that carries sensory information (like sound, touch, taste, smell or sight) to the central nervous system. |
| Synapse | A structure where an impule passes from one neuron to another across a gap. |
| Dendrites | Tarnsmit nerve impulses from other cells or sensory systems. |
| Axon | The long extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body. |
| Axon Terminals | The hair-like ends of the axon. |
| Node of Ranvier | Interrupt the myelin sheath where the axon is in direct contact with surrounding intercellular fluid. |
| Schwann Cell | The supporting cells associated with axons. They are a variety of glial cell that keep peripherval nerve fibers alive. |
| Myelin Sheath | Myelin is an electronically-insulating dielectric material that forms a layer. Thsi is essential for proper functioning of the nervous system. The sheath insulates the axon and speeds up transmission of nerve impulses. |
| Muscle Fiber | A cylindrical, multinucleate cell composed of numerous myofibrils that contracts when stimulated |
| Acetylcholine Sacs | The neurotransmitter is launched from sac-like vesicles across the synapse to receptors. |
| Synaptic Knobs | Located at the end of each axonal end branch. |
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