History - Islam 10.1 & 2
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amadormo13 on April 5, 2010
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168 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 When was Moses given the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai? | 1500-1001 B.C.E. |
| When was the Bhagavad Gita written? | 200 B.C.E. |
| When was the probably date of the crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ? | 30 C.E. |
| When did Muhammad die? | 632 C.E. |
| When was Muhammad born? | 570 C.E. |
| Who did Muhammad marry? | Khadija |
| How many children did Muhammad have? | 6 |
| Who was the most famous child of Muhammad? | Fatima |
| Who did Muhammad had revelations from? | Gabriel |
| What did Gabriel tell Muhammad? | "Recite in the name of thy Lord who created." |
| Name the 5 Central Beliefs of Islam. | Profession of faith (belief), prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage |
| What is the translation of the term "Islam"? | "Surrender" |
| What is the main holy book of Islam? | Qur'an, Koran |
| How many times do you go through the Hajj in your life? | Once |
| What is the primary source of every Muslim's faith and practice? | Qur'an |
| What is the Islamic source second to the authority of the Qur'an? | Hadith |
| What does the Hadith include? | Collection of sayings attributed to the prophet and members of the early Muslim community |
| What was a vital element during the first three centuries of Islamic history? | Hadith |
| What does "Hadith" literally mean? | Conveyed to man |
| Hadith and Sunna/Sunnah are used ____. | Interchangeably |
| Whose terminology translated "Hadith" into "Sayings of the prophet"? | Muhaditheen |
| An Islamic title, referring to one who profoundly knowns and narrates Hadiths. | Muhaddith |
| The Qur'an and the Hadith form the basis of Islamic law - known as the ____. | Shariah |
| What is the system of law that relates to everything? | Shariah |
| What does the Qur'an forbid? | Worshiping of idols |
| What are mosques often decorated with? | Geometric patterns |
| What is a great sin in Islam called? | Shirk |
| How many times do Muslims pray a day? | 5 |
| What are all Muslim men required to do on Fridays? | Attend the mosque for after-midday prayer |
| What was the main aspect of Muslim attire? | Modesty |
| What must Muslims do before prayer? | Wash their bodies |
| What were the seating arrangements in a mosque like? | Sexes were separated |
| What is the role of the Muezzin? | Call to worship |
| What does a Muezzin do during prayer service? | Stands in mosques and proclaim Allah is most great |
| What was the role of the Imam? | To lead the community prayers |
| Who is the leader of the local Muslim community? | Imam |
| What is the role of khatib? | Preaches the Friday sermon |
| Where were the first mosques? | Muhammad's courtyard in Medina |
| All Muslim prayer is made facing ____. | Mecca |
| All Muslims are considered equal when standing before ____. | God |
| What is marriage considered joining? | Two families |
| Marriage is a contract between ____ and ____, not a religious rite. | Man, woman |
| Polygamy is one way of trying to make sure women have what? | Protection of family life |
| Who advised all men to treat their wives equally? | Muhammad |
| What did Muhammad's death cause a crisis of? | Leadership |
| Some of Muhammad's followers in ____ argued that the leadership should fall to a close family member. | Medina |
| Who was the successor of Muhammad? | Abu-bakr |
| What does Caliph mean? | Successor, deputy |
| Who succeeded Aku-bakr? | Umar |
| What leaders were in the "Rightly Guided" Caliphs? | Umar, Uthman, and Ali |
| Who was the real founder of the early Muslim empire? | Umar |
| Which caliph invaded Persia and the Byzantine territory? | Umar |
| How long did Umar rule Islam? | 10 years |
| Why did Umar's expansion halt? | Civil war for mastery |
| Who was the husband of Fatima? | Ali |
| Who was the last orthodox caliph for a long period of time? | Ali |
| What caliphs expanded the Muslim Empire by 6,000 mile? | Uthman and Ali |
| What aspect of Muslim life had to be in order? | Religious |
| Muslims drew energy from their ____. | Faith |
| Who was the governor of Syria? | Muawiyah |
| Who initiated the Umayyad dynasty? | Muawiyah |
| What relation did Muawiyah have to Ali? | His chief rival |
| The change from electing the caliph to dynastic succession proved ____. | Fateful |
| Who are the supporters of Ali called? | Shi'ites |
| What did the Shi'ites form? | Significant minority within Islam that continues to the present |
| True or False: Shi'ites believed in having elected caliphs. | False |
| True of False: Kharijites rejected caliphs. | True |
| What group frequently fought against the rule of the majority of the caliphs? | Kharijites |
| Who were the supporters of Muawiyah and his successors? | Sunni |
| Who was the skillful leader of the Umayyad dynasty? | Muawiyah |
| Muawiyah moved the capital from ____ to ____. | Medina, Damascus |
| Who made the office of caliph more powerful? | Muawiyah |
| What dynasty of caliphs claimed descent from Abbas, uncle of Muhammad? | Abbasid Dynasty |
| What dynasty of caliphs favored Arabs? | Umayyads |
| What caliph dynasty opened faith to ALL "comers" on an essentially equal basis? | Abbasid Dynasty |
| In 762, Abbasids built a new capital city at ____, on the ____ river. | Baghdad, Tigris |
| The Fatimid caliphate was formed by ____ ____. | Shi'a Muslims |
| Where was the Fatimid Dynasty's capital? | Cairo |
| Describe the geographic setting in which Islam developed. | Arabian peninsula |
| The Muslim calendar is ____. | Lunar |
| According to the Muslim calendar, we are now in what century? | 15th |
| How long is the Muslim calendar year? | 354 days |
| Name the Five Pillars of Islam (in English). | Faith, prayer, charity, fasting, pilgrimage |
| Name the Five Pillars of Islam (in Islam). | Shahada, Salaah, Zakaah, Siyaam, Hajj |
| Sunni or Shi'i: which is the majority group? | Sunni |
| Sunni or Shi'i: which group accepts the Koran as the divine word of Allah? | Both |
| Define Sunna. | Traditions |
| Sunni or Shi'i: which group believes in the pilgrimage to Mecca? | Both |
| What is the main difference between Sunnis and the Shi'as? | Their view on Islamic history |
| What is the translation of the word "Shi'a"? | Follower |
| What do the Shi'as follow? | Authority of Ali |
| Sunni or Shi'a: which group believed that Ali was divinely appointed immediate successor to Muhammad? | Shi'a |
| Due to historical fact, who was the fourth successor to Muhammad? | Ali |
| Sunni or Shi'a: which group was more open and accepting into their group? | Sunni |
| Sunni or Shi'a: which group was more particular in allowing people enter their group? | Shi'a |
| What were the main trade routes of the Arabian peninsula? | Byzantine, Persia Empires, and Silk Roads |
| At age 6, what had Muhammad turned into? | An orphan |
| Where did Muhammad receive his first revelation? | Cave of Hira |
| Define Sura. | Chapter |
| How many suras are in the Qur'an? | 114 |
| What language is the Qur'an written in? | Arabic |
| Fill in: Adam, ____, Abraham, ____, Jesus, ____. | Noah, Moses, Muhammad |
| Translate Shahada. | Testimony |
| What times of the day do Muslims pray their mandatory prayers? | Dawn, noon, late afternoon, sunset, before going to bed |
| What is the call to prayer by the Muezzin? | Salat |
| What is mandatory on Fridays? | To pray in the mosque |
| Translate Zakat. | Purification, growth |
| What percentage of income goes into the Zakat? | 2.5 |
| What his fasting during the holy month of Ramadan called? | Sawm |
| What is the Sawm considered a method of? | Self-purification |
| Those who complete the Hajj can add the title ____ or ____ to their name. | Hajji, hajja |
| What are Islamic scholars called? | Ulama |
| What is the main aspect of Muslims way of life? | Religion |
| What is the present-day country with the largest Muslim population? | Indonesia |
| The pillar of Shahada is also known as... | Profession of the Creed |
| The pillar of Shahada claims... | There is one creator, Allah |
| What cultural practice comes from the pillar of Salat? | The mandatory prayers five times a day |
| Which pillar of Islam is the giving to the poor and those in need? | Zakat |
| What cultural practice comes from the pillar of Siyam? | Fasting from dawn to sunset during Ramadan |
| When was Khadija born? | 555 C.E. |
| Who was the first woman to embrace Islam? | Khadija |
| The Koran states, without ____ or ____ who stands equal before God? | Reservation, ambiguity, men and women |
| When did Muhammad receive his revelation from Gabriel? | 510 A.D. |
| Whose murder provoked the first civil war? | Uthman |
| What is the Holy Book of Judaism? | Tenakh |
| What is the main key belief of Jews? | That God made a covenant with Abraham |
| Define Halal. | Acts allowed in Islam |
| Define Haram. | Acts not allowed in Islam |
| Name the three sects of Christianity. | Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant |
| Name the two sect of Islam. | Sunni and Shi'i |
| Name the three sects of Judaism. | Orthodox, Conservative, Reform |
| Southwest Asia (Middle East) was a bridge between what three continents? | Africa, Asia, and Europe |
| Who were the Arab nomads that inhabited the arabian deserts? | Bedouins |
| Name three common trade goods brought to Arabia. | Spices, incense, perfumes |
| How many idols did the Ka'aba contain? | 360 |
| Translate the term Muslim. | "One who has been submitted" |
| Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) became known as... | Hijrah |
| What is the Muslim religious community called? | Umma |
| Muhammad taught that Allah was the one and only God and that all other gods must be abandoned. What did this teaching develop into? | Islam |
| What are Muslims forbidden to eat and drink? | Pork and alcohol |
| What helped unite conquered people as the Muslim control expanded? | Arabic language |
| What is the Muslim's best model for proper living? | Sunna |
| What was Muhammad's example? | Sunna |
| The guidance of the Qur'an and Sunna was assembled in a body of law known as... | Shari'a |
| What system of law regulates the family life, moral conduct and business and community life of Muslims? | Shari'a |
| What is in the Fatihah? | Muslims ask God for guidance for the "straight path" |
| True of False: The group of Muslims, rejecting the lifestyle of the Umayyads, which pursued a life of poverty and spirituality, were called the Sunni. | False |
| Which capital city was founded during the Abbasid Dynasty (Empire? | Baghdad |
| Identify. Proclaims the call to worship. | Muezzin |
| When is Islams holy day? | Friday |
| What is the Minbar part of a mosque? | Ladder where the imam leads the worship |
| What is the Mihrab part of a mosque? | The wall that is in the direction of Mecca |
| Who was Ali and Fatima's oldest child? | Hasan |
| Where is the Dome of the Rock? | Jerusalem |
| What was the Dome of Rock built around? | The rock where Muhammad was taken up to heaven to meet God |
| What is the magic number of Islamic worship? | 3 |
| Translate "Jihad" | Striving |
| What caliph provoked jihad? | Abu-bakr |
| Under Umar, Muslim armies conquered ____ and lower ____. | Syria, Egypt |
| Muslims allowed conquered peoples to follow their own religion. Christians and Jews, as "________" received special consideration. | People of the book |
| What did conquered Christians and Jews have to do each year for exemption from military duties? | Pay a poll tax |
| Which caliph in the Rightly Guided Caliphs was murdered? | Uthman |
| Who rejected the luxurious life of the Umayyads? | Sufi |
| Sufis pursued a life of ____ and devotion to a ____ path. | poverty, spiritual |
| Out of the several empires of the Muslims, which was the strongest? | Abbasids |
| What were Muslims who lived in North Africa called? | Bebers |
| During the creation of the Fatima Empire, what were the two major sea-trading networks? | Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean |
| Banks offered letters of credit, called ____, to merchants. | Sakks |
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