| Term | Definition |
|---|
| . How would you define an earthquake? | : A vibration of the earth created by rapid release of energy |
| Where do earthquakes most commonly occur? | Along plate boundaries |
| What are the 3 main types of plate boundaries? | Transform, convergent, divergent |
| A convergent plate boundary typically creates | a reverse fault. |
| Strike-slip faults occur at | a transform plate boundary. |
| The San Andreas Fault is the boundary between what two tectonic plates? | North American and Pacific |
| Why would the Ring of Fire be an unsafe place to live? | : This region of the world has a many earthquakes. Many of these are large. (90% of the world’s earthquakes and 81% of the world’s most severe earthquakes.) |
| What kind of fault is the San Andreas? | Strike-slip fault |
| Explain how a rubber band and elastic rebound are similar. | : A rubber band deforms from stress until it breaks and returns to its original shape. During elastic rebound, the crust deforms from stress until it breaks, creating a fault, and then the crust returns to its original shape. Also, both release energy when they break and return to their original shape. |
| What are the two types of body waves? | Primary and Secondary waves |
| What are the two types of surface waves? | Rayleigh and Love waves |
| 1. Primary waves (body)- | move as compressional waves, parallel to the direction the wave is moving; travel through liquid and solid layers of the earth (1) |
| 2. Secondary waves (body)- | move in a side-to-side motion through the layers of the earth except the liquid outer core. (2) |
| 3. Love wave (surface)- | only move side-to-side on the surface. (3) |
| 4. Rayleigh wave- | roll side-to-side and up and down like ocean waves on the surface. (4) |
| What wave travels as a region of compression? | Primary wave |
| What wave travels the farthest? | Primary wave |
| What is the name of the instrument that detects seismic waves? | Seismograph |
| Describe a “severe” or “great” earthquake and provide an approximate rating on the Richter scale. | Severe and great earthquakes are a 7 and over on the Richter scale. These cause serious damage from 100 to 1000 kilometers from the epicenter. Buildings are seriously damaged or completely collapse. The earth moves significantly, bursting pipes and damaging or collapsing bridges. |
| Where and when was the most infamous earthquake in California? | The most infamous earthquake in California was the quake of 1906 with its epicenter in San Francisco. |
| How is the Modified Mercalli Scale different from the Richter scale? | : The Modified Mercalli Scale measures damage done by the earthquake. The Richter scale measures the intensity, or how much the earth shakes during an earthquake. |
| Has there ever been an earthquake in Catty? If so, what was it like? | Yes, there was an earthquake in 1961 felt in Catty. Buildings shook and dishes fell. No real damage was done but it was frightening to many people. |
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