LS Chap. 14 Bones, Muscles, and Skin
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Created by:
scienceteacher79 on April 11, 2010
Description:
Chapter 14 Vocabulary Test
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cell | the basic unit of structure and function in a living thing |
| Tissue | a group of cells that perform a function |
| Types of tissue | Muscle tissue- must contract and shorten_ Nervous Tissue- directs and controls movements_ Connective Tissue- provides support in your body_ Epithelial Tissue- protects body |
| Organ | a structure composed of tissue |
| Organ System | a group of organs that work together to perform a function |
| Skeleton | made up of all bones in a body |
| Vertebrae | made of 26 smaller bones(backbone) |
| Joint | a place in the body where 2 bones come together |
| Ligament | a strong connective tissue that holds the bones in movable joints together |
| Cartilage | another type of connective tissue that is more flexible then bone and covers the ends of the bones and keeps them from rubbing against each other |
| Compact Bone | located under the bones membrane and is hard and dense, but not exactly solid |
| Spongy Bone | has small spaces in it and is lightweight but very strong |
| Marrow | Red- produces most of the body's blood cells_Yellow- stores fat that can serve as an energy reserve |
| Sprain | occurs when a ligament is stretched too far and tear in places |
| Dislocation | occurs when the bone comes out of its joint |
| Fracture | a break in a bone |
| X-ray | a form of energy that travels in waves |
| MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) | a method for taking clear images of both bones and soft tissues of the body |
| Involuntary Muscles | responsible for such essential activities like breathing and digesting food; cannot control these muscles |
| Voluntary Muscles | under your conscious control |
| Skeletal Muscles | attatched to the bones of your skeleton and provides force that move your bones |
| Tendon | a strong connective tissue that connects muscles to bone |
| Striated Muscle | another word for Skeletal Muscles |
| Smooth Muscles | are in internal organs like the stomach and blood vessels |
| Cardiac Muscles | found only in heart |
| cell membrane | forms the outside boundary of the cell |
| nucleus | control center that directs the cell's activities and contains genetic information. |
| muscle tissue | can contract or shorten |
| nervous tissue | carries electrical messages back and forth in the body |
| connective tissue | provides support and attaches all the body parts |
| epithelial tissue | skin is an example and it protects whiat lies beneath it. |
| homeostasis | body's tendency to keep an internal balance |
| stress | the reaction of your body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events |
| immovable joint | also called fixed. Connects bones that allow very little to no movement such as in the skull |
| tendon | connective tissue that holds muscles to bone |
| hinge joint | type of joint found in the knee, elbow, toes, and fingers |
| ball and socket joint | type of joint found in the shoulder and hip |
| pivot joint | type of joint found in the neck |
| gliding joint | type of joint found in the wrist and ankle |
| osteoperosis | a condition where the body's bones become weak and break easily |
| skin functions | protection, water loss prevention, regulate body temperature, eliminate wastes, gather information about the environment, and produce vitamin D |
| Vitamin D | made in sunlight by skin and aids in calcium absorption from food to your body |
| epidermis | outer layer of skin |
| dermis | inner layer of skin |
| pores | opening in the skin to release perspiration, oil, and other wastes |
| follicle | hair strands in the dermis |
| melanoma | a type of skin cancer caused by UV rays of the sun |
| compound fracture | a break in the bone where the bone pokes through the skin |
| simple fracture | a complete break in the bone |
| hairline fracture | a crack in the bone. Bone is not broken into two. |
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