Nutri Sci Ch. 10
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Created by:
seenbeen on April 16, 2010
Subjects:
Nutritional Science, water, electrolytes
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 interstitial | space between cells in the body |
| synovial | pertaining to the joints |
| salt | metal containing compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base |
| dissociation | process of a molecule breaking into two component parts, each carrying an electrical charge and known as an ion |
| ion | charged molecular fragment produced when a larger molecule splits in two when dissolved in water |
| cation | positive ion |
| anion | negative ion |
| depolarization | decrease in electrical charge in a nerve cell which triggers a nerve impulse |
| action potential | electrical signal that makes up a nerve impulse |
| repolarization | increase in electrical charge in a nerve cell after a nerve impulse has been transmitted |
| hydroxyl | negatively charged ion consisting of oxygen and one hydrogen atom formed by the dissociation of water |
| acid | solution in which there is greater concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions |
| base | solution in which there is a greater concentration of hydroxyl ions than of hydrogen ions |
| pH | log of the concentration of H ion in a solution; measure of acidity |
| logarithm | mathematical term for the power to which a base must be raised to equal a given number |
| homeostasis | body needs constant set of conditions of temperature, pH, concentration and so on |
| hydrolysis | splitting of a water molecule in order to provide charged fragments to combine with charged fragments of some other molecule |
| osmosis | movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration across a membrane |
| polar | molecule with positively and negatively charged regions |
| insensible losses | water lost through skin and lungs in amounts too low to notice as they happen |
| hyponatremia | low blood concentrations of sodium |
| hypokalemia | low blood concentrations of potassium |
| systolic | upper number in a blood pressure reading, signifying the contraction pressure of the heart |
| diastolic | bottom number in a blood pressure reading, signifying the residual pressure between heartbeats |
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