| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Four Motives for European Exploration | 1) Search for new trade routes and seek new lands. 2) Desire for foreign products (spices, perfumes, silks). 3) Technology(the compass and moveable rudder allowed Europeans to sail father than ever before). 4) Religion(desire to spread Christian religion). |
| Spain and Portugal | Two countries that led the way in looking for an all-water route to East Asia. |
| Christopher Columbus | (1451-1506) Sailed for Spain. In 1492, he accidentally landed in the Americas instead of reaching the East Indies. |
| Vasco DaGama | (1460-1524) Discovered an all-water route from Europe to India by sailing around the southern tip of Africa in 1497. |
| Ferdinand Magellan | (1480-1521) Led the first expedition of ships to circumnavigate(circle) the world. He confirmed that the world was round. |
| The Encounter | Spanish conquistadors (conquerors) and priests arrived soon after the first explorers. They conquered native peoples, took their gold and silver, brought new diseases, and converted native peoples to Christianity. |
| Hernando Cortes | (Spaniard 1519) Sailed to Mexico, with soldiers, searching for gold and silver. He landed with about 600 men, 16 horses, and a few cannons. |
| Montezuma | Aztec Emperor |
| Cortes won 1 | The Aztecs fought with clubs, spears, and bows while the Spaniards fought with guns, steel swords, dogs, horses, and cannons. |
| Cortes won 2 | The Aztecs were worn out by an outbreak of smallpox accidentally introduced by the Europeans. |
| Francisco Pizarro | (1530) Set out to conquer the Inca. (of Spain) Went on to slaughter thousands of Incas. |
| Effects of the Encounter | 1.) Trade-brings people into contact with others, new goods and different ways of doing things. 2.) Conquest-brings two or more societies together; Conquerors and Conquered learned from eachother. 3.) Exploration and Colonization-people migrate to new areas in contact with others who are different. 4.) Warfare-exposes the soldiers of one culture to the ideas and products of another. |
| New Foods | Europeans were intorduced to new foods such as tomatoes, corn, potatoes, chocolate. |
| Increased Trade | trade shifted from the Mediterranean to the Altantic coast. |
| Viceroys | Royal governors sent by Spain to rule in the King's name. |
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