Islam
Order by
29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Bedouins | Arab nomads; united under Islam |
| Yathrib | the pre-Muhammad name for Medina |
| mosque | islamic house of prayer |
| Abu Bakr | 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. |
| Minaret | the tower attached to a mosque from which the muezzin, or crier, calls the faithful to prayer five times a day |
| the seal of the prophets | name of the Qu'ran; referring to the idea that Muhammad is the last of the great prophets |
| Kaaba | (Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine |
| hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam |
| hajj | the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah |
| caliph | the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth |
| Umayyads | Members of the Sunni dynasty of caliphs that ruled a Muslim empire from 661 to 750 |
| Five Pillars of Faith | five steps to take to become part of the Islam religion; affirmation, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage |
| The People of the Book | a term Muhammad used to refer to Jews and Christians because they also believed in a singular God |
| Muhammad | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) |
| Medina | City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca; means "city of the prophet" |
| Jihad | a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal |
| Sunni | A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad |
| Abbasids | a Sunni dynasty that took over the Caliphate in 750 and held it until 1258. - designated Bagdad as their capital |
| The Night of Power | When Muhammed received the message from God through the angel Gabriel. The first revelation. |
| Ali | the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites |
| Mecca | City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion |
| Qu'ran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina |
| Sharia | the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed |
| Shiite | The branch of Islam that supports the descendants of Muhammad as his rightful successors |
| Baghdad | Capital city of Iraq. As heart of the Arab Empire, it was second only to Constantinople in terms of size and grandeur in 1000 C.E. |
| Khadija | Muhammad's wife; a wealthy widow who ran a prosperous caravan business |
| Ramadan | (Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan |
| Umma | the Muslim community or people |
| Allah | Muslim name for the one and only God |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.