Chapter 28 Test
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Created by:
HoffmanHayley on April 20, 2010
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 general characteristics of arthropods (3) | segmented bodies, jointed appendages, & a tough exoskeleton made of chitin |
| terrestrial respiration (3) | tracheal tubes, spiracles, and some have book lungs |
| aquatic respiration (2) | feathery gills, some (like the horseshoe crab) have book gills |
| What type of circulation do arthropods have? | open |
| terrestrial excretion | malpigian tubules |
| aquatic excretion | diffusion through their skin |
| nervous system of arthropods (5) | nerves & nerve chords, brains that receives incoming info. and sends out instructions, ganglia for coordination in their wings and legs, & advanced sensory organs |
| What is molting & what does it allow arthropods to do? | the shedding of the entire exoskeleton and it allows them to manufacture a larger one for growth |
| What are the body plans for crustaceans? (2 sets) | cephalothorax & abdomen; & head, thorax, & abdomen |
| mandible | mouthpart used for grinding and biting food |
| What are characteristics of decapods? (6) | largest group of crustaceans, 5 pairs of legs, large chelipeds, 4 pairs of walking legs, several pairs of swimmerets, & they use their tail to swim backward |
| unique characteristics of barnacles (3) | sessile, no abdomen segments, & don't use mandibles |
| chelicerae | mouthparts used as fangs for stabbing and paralyzing prey |
| respiratory organs of spiders | book lungs: stacks of respiratory tissue |
| examples of crustaceans (6) | crab, shrimp, lobsters, crayfish, barnacles, & terrestrial pill bugs |
| examples of chelicerates (5) | horseshoe crabs, spiders, mites, ticks, & scorpions |
| examples of uniramians (3) | insects, centipedes, & millipedes |
| How do spiders eat their food? | they inject enzymes that liquefy their food |
| describe the typical body plan of an insect (6) | 3 body parts (head, thorax & abdomen), 3 pairs of legs, a pair of antennae & complex eyes on the head, two pairs of wings, & tracheal tubes |
| characteristics that contribute to the evolutionary success of insects (3) | how they respond to stimuli, flight, & life cycles where the adults differ greatly from the young |
| location of chemoreceptors (3) | mouthparts, antennae, & legs |
| incomplete metamorphosis (3) | immature form called a nymph, the nymph molts gradually into an adult, & they appear similar in appearance through all stages of life |
| complete metamorphosis (3) | larvae are completely different from the adults, larvae molt until they reach the pupa stage, & then emerges from pupa stage as an adult |
| insects that live in societies (3) | ants, termites, & bees |
| caste | a group of individuals that are specialized to perform a particular task |
| skeleton of echinoderms | hardened plates of calcium carbonate |
| describe the typical body plan of echinoderms (8) | no posterior or anterior end, lack cephalization, oral & aboral sides, body parts in multiples of 5, adults have radial symmetry, larvae have bilateral symmetry, & deuterostomes |
| What type of animals are echinoderms most related to? | vertebrates |
| What is the water vascular system used for? (3) | respiration, circulation, & movement |
| characteristics of sea urchins & sand dollars (3) | solid plates that form a box around the internal organs & detrivores or herbivore grazers |
| characteristics of brittle stars (3) | slender & flexible arms, quick movements that provide protection, & can detach arms to escape predators |
| characteristics of sea cucumbers (2) | detrivores that move along the sea floor & live in herds up to 100s or 1000s |
| characteristics of sea stars (2) | carnivores that consume bivalves & regenerate missing pieces |
| characteristics of sea lilies & feather stars (3) | filter feeders, attach to floor by a long stemlike stalk to the ocean floor or coral reefs, & oldest of echinoderms |
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