| Term | Definition |
|---|
| First Amendment | 1. No establishment 2. Free exercise |
| Civil Religion | Belief system that binds the nation's deepest held beliefs with transcendant meaning |
| Equal Access Act | Extended 1981 ruling to high schools for use of facilities by religious groups after hours |
| ADF | Alliance Defense Fund: Christian conservative lawyers who fight court cases |
| RFRA | Religious Freedom Restoration Act: compelling interest must be shown to cutail interests. Overturned in 1997 |
| creationism | belief that God create life in seven days...straight out of Bible |
| Intelligent Design | Supreme being started and aided evolutionary process |
| Evolution | Darwin's theory of survival of the fittest |
| For evolution and ID | evolution is just a theory, ID is not religion, ID can go with evolution |
| Evolution only | ID has not proof, violates 1 amendment, theory is basically fact in science, evolution is basis for modern biology |
| year of Reynolds v. US | 1879 |
| plot of Reynolds V. US | Reynolds wanted multiple wives but court said no |
| outcome of reynolds V. US | Set up Belief-Action system: you are free to your beliefs but actions are subject to restraint |
| year of scopes trial | 1925 |
| plot of scopes trial | it pitched evolution against biblical literalism. Illegal for evolution to be taught and Scopes taught it |
| Lawyers in scopes trial | prosecuter: Williams Jenning Bryan, defense: Clarence Darrows |
| year of Cantwell v. Connecticut | 1940 |
| plot of Cantwell v. Connecticut | Cantwell and sons charged with disturbing peace of catholic neightborhood by their spreading of the word. |
| Outcome of Cantwell v. Connecticut | the charges were overturned because they were protected under the free exercise clause and because it wasn't clear and present danger |
| year of Engel v. Vitale | 1962 |
| plot of Engel v. Vitale | parents sued NY school district for forcing students to say prayer. Supreme Court decided this was unconstitutional |
| year of Sherbert v. Verner | 1963 |
| plot of Sherbert V. Verner | Sherbert fired for not working on sabboth and wasn't given unemployment benefits. |
| outcome of Sherbert v. Verner | court ruled that she get benefits and created sherbert test |
| Sherbert Test | State must show compelling interest in order to deny benefits |
| year of Lemon V. Kurtzman | 1971 |
| plot of Lemon V. Kurtzman | RI and PA want money for private schools. |
| Outcome of Lemon V. Kurtzman | creates Lemon test |
| 3 prongs of lemon Test | 1. secular purpose 2. neither advance nor inhibit religion 3. statute mustn't foster excessive entanglement |
| year of Wisconsin V. Yoder | 1972 |
| plot of Wisconsin V. Yoder | law required all kids to attend school but OMish family doesn't want kid in school and are arrested. |
| outcome of Wisconsin v. Yoder | arrest overturned and now kids only required to attend till 16. Benefit of school doesn't outweigh violation of 1 amendment |
| year of Oregon v. Smith | 1972 |
| plot of Oregon v. Smith | 2 native americans fired for smoking at work and get no benefits. |
| Outcome of Oregon v. Smith | Sherbert test is no longer used because drugs are ilegal and govn't doesn't need to show compelling interests. Beliefs are no excuse |
| 1987 important case | Supreme Court prohibits teaching of creationism in public schools |
| 2 recent cases related to ID | 1. No more ID in PA schools 2. 'evolution is a theory' stickers are unconstitutional in Georgia. Both in 2005 |
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