Mr. Klingman Enlightenment Terms
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Created by:
carolinefo on April 27, 2010
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Declaration of the Rights of Man | Similar to the Bill of Rights, but it was for France. It outlined basic rights that people had such as freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom under religion, and it abolished the social classes and made everybody equal under the law. |
| Declaration of the Rights of Woman | During the French Revolution many people felt that men were better than woman. This caused Olympe de Gouges to write this, its general idea was that woman were equal to men. |
| Third Estate | The estate that included all the common people. Most of the people were in this class, and most of them were poor, yet they paid all the tax. |
| Second Estate | The estate that included all the aristocrats, and nobility. These people had special rights, and were also exempt from taxes. |
| First Estate | The estate that included members from the Catholic clergy. These people had the most rights, and were also exempt from taxes. |
| 2 Treatises of Government | A novel written by John Locke. It was about how people were born good, and were naturally good, and that people had three natural rights, the right to life liberty and property, and how all what the government had to do was protect these rights, and if the government didn't then the people had the right to overthrow the current government and create a new one. |
| Leviathan | It was written by Thomas Hobbes. Hobbes wrote about how people were born bad, and how there needed to be an absolute monarchy because other wise the people would do bad things. |
| Consent of the Governed | The idea from John Locke that people should be able to chose who represent them. |
| Separation of Power | The idea from Montisquea. It was the idea that government should be seperated and that one government should not have all the power, and that there should be checks and balances, and it later created the branches of government. |
| "I dissaprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." | Voltaire said this and this quote will lead to ideas of freedom of thoughts and freedom of speech. |
| Encyclopedie | The encyclopedia compiled by Diderot. Diderot believed in freedom of information, and that people should have access to the enlightenment ideas. |
| The Social Contract | The novel written by Rouesau. It was about how people were born good and then corrupted by society. |
| A Vindication of The Rights of Woman | A book written by Mary Wollstonecraft. It was about how woman should have the same education as men so that women can have the same chances in life as men, such as to attend college... etc. |
| Salons | Started out as places that woman would share poetry with each other. Later they become places where Enlightened thinkers could express their ideas. |
| The Wealth of Nations | A novel writtten by Adam Smith. It supported Laissez Faire, or the idea that people should be able to make as much money possible without the government iterferring, and later his ideas helped create Capitalism. |
| Capitalism | The ideas of Adam Smith. They include Laissez Faire, and other ideas about how the government should not interfere with the economy. |
| Enlightened Despots | Despots, or leaders with absolute power, who were not that nice, because they would be opressive, who agreed with some enlightenment ideas. |
| The Torries and the Whigs | The two main parties in England. The Torries were the Aristocrats, and the Wiggs were not the poor, but they were not very wealthy. |
| The Declaration of Independence | The document that declared America as an independant nation. It was full of propaganda, and enlightnement ideas. |
| Estates General | It was similar to the congress in France, and each estate had their own representatives, but property owners were the only people that were allowed to vote. |
| National Assembly | It was the government that the Third Estate created, because they felt that the other government was not fair. |
| Tennis Court Oath | The Oath that the National Assembley took. It was the oath, that made it so that they would stay together until they had written a constituion. |
| National Convention | What the National Assembley became. |
| The Directory | The leaders of France. Only 5 people ruled the nation, and it was an oglichary. |
| Napoleonic Code | The code that Napoleon created. It made all people equal under the law, freedom of religion,and it made it so that government officials were decided on merrit, but notice that freedom of speech is omitted (not responsible for name - only what was in it) |
| Domestic System | The system where all the work was done at home. All the work was hand made, but it took a long time to do it. |
| Factory System | The system where most products were made in factories. This system made it so more products were created which made these products cheaper. |
| Utilitarianism | The idea that what ever you do should make as many people as possible happy. |
| The Spirit of the Laws | The novel written by Montisquea. It was about the separation of power, and how there should be limited governmnet. |
| Olicharchy | A government where only a limited people rule the nation. |
| Separation of Power | Applies to BRANCHES of government. |
| Division of Power | Applies to LEVELS of government. |
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