| Term | Definition |
|---|
| malapportionment | Characterized by an inappropriate or unfair proportional distribution of representatives to a legislative body |
| gerrymandering | To divide (a geographic area) into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections |
| majority-minority districts | those with a majority of residents who are part of an ethnic minority |
| filibuster | a prolong speech or series of speeches made to delay action in a legislative assembly |
| cloture rule and Rule 22 | the closing or limitation of debate in a legislative body especially by calling for a vote; governs cloture, the procedure used to end a filibuster. Cloture takes 60 votes. If it wins, up to 30 hours of debate may still be held, although this is rarely utilized. Instead, debate usually ends shortly after a cloture vote, followed by an immediate vote on final passage |
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