AP Lit Poetry Flashcards
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64 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Poetry | Patterned form of verbal or written expression of ideas in concentrated, imaginative, and rhythmical terms. Usually contains rhyme and a specific meter, but not necessarily |
| Meter | Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables established in a line of poetry. |
| Foot | A unit of meter. Can have two or three syllables. Consists generally of one stressed and one or more unstressed syllables. |
| Iamb | Two syllable foot with the stress on the second syllable. |
| Trochee | Consists of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable. |
| Anapest | Three syllables with the stress on the last syllable. |
| Dactyl | Three syllables with stress on the first syllable. |
| Spondee | Two stressed syllables. |
| Pyrrhic | Two unstressed syllables. |
| Monometer | One foot line |
| Dimeter | Two foot line |
| Trimeter | Three foot line |
| Tetrameter | Four foot line |
| Pentameter | Five foot line |
| Hexameter | Six foot line |
| Heptameter | Seven foot line |
| Octometer | Eight foot line |
| Rhymed Verse | Verse with end rhyme and usually with a regular meter. |
| Blank Verse | Lines of iambic pentameter without end rhyme. |
| Free Verse | Lines that do not have a regular meter and do not contain rhyme. |
| Rhyme | Similarity or likeness of sound existing between two words. |
| End Rhyme | Similarity occurring at the end of two or more lines of verse. |
| Internal Rhyme | Similarity occurring between two or more words in the same line of verse. |
| Masculine Rhyme | One syllable of a word rhymes with another word (bend and send, bright and light) |
| Feminine/Double Rhyme | Last two syllables of a word rhyme with another word (lawful and awful, lighting and fighting, rattling and battling) |
| Triple Rhyme | Last three syllables of a word or line rhyme (victorious and glorious, quivering and shivering) |
| Rhyme Scheme | Pattern or sequence in which the rhyme occurs. |
| Alliteration | Repetition of the initial letter or sound in two or more words in a line of verse. |
| Onomatopoeia | Use of a word to represent or imitate natural sounds (buzz, crunch, tinkle, gurgle, sizzle, hiss) |
| Assonance | Similarity or repetition of a vowel sound in two or more words. |
| Consonance | Repetition of consonant sounds within a line of verse. |
| Refrain | Repetition of one or more phrases or lines at intervals in a poem, usually at the end of a stanza. (Often takes form of chorus.) |
| Repetition | Reiterating of a word or phrase within a poem. |
| Figure of Speech | Expression in which the words are used in a nonliteral sense to present a figure, picture, or image. |
| Simile | Direct comparison between two usually unrelated things using like or as. |
| Metaphor | Implied comparison between two usually unrelated things indicating a likeness or analogy between attributes found in both things without using like or as. |
| Personification | Giving a human characteristic to inanimate objects, ideas, or animals |
| Synecdoche | Technique of mentioning a part of something to represent the whole. |
| Metonymy | Substitution of a word naming an object for another word closely associated with it. |
| Hyperbole | Exaggeration for the sake of emphasis and is not to be taken literally |
| Litotes | Understatement and is achieved by saying the opposite of what one means or making an affirmation by stating the fact in the negative (Ex/ calling a fat boy "skinny" or a slow boy "speedy") |
| Antithesis | Balancing or contrasting of one term against another |
| Apostrophe | Addressing of someone or something, usually not present, as though present |
| Symbol | Word or image that signifies something other than what is literally represented (cross is symbol for Christianity) |
| Stanza | Division of a poem based on thought or form |
| Couplet | Two lines of verse that rhyme a-a |
| Triplet/Tercet | Three line stanza or three lines of verse within a larger unit that usually rhymes a-a-a |
| Quatrain | Four rhymed lines (a-a-a-a, a-b-a-b, a-b-b-a, a-a-b-b-, a-b-a-c) |
| Quintet | Five line stanza that may have any one of several rhyme schemes |
| Sestet | Six line stanza (sometimes used to refer to the last six lines of a sonnet) |
| Septet | Seven line stanza |
| Octave | Eight line stanza (has numerous possibilities for different rhyme schemes -- often used to refer to the first eight lines of a sonnet) |
| Heroic Couplet | (Sometimes called closed couplet) Two successive rhyming verses that contain a complete thought within the two lines (Usually consists of iambic pentameter lines) |
| Terza Rima | Three-line stanza form with an interlaced or interwoven rhyme scheme: a-b-a, b-c-b, c-d-c, d-e-d, etc. (Usually imabic pentameter) |
| Limerick | Five line nonsense poem with an anapestic meter. Rhyme scheme is usually a-a-b-b-a. First, second, and fifth lines have three stresses; third and fourth have two stresses. |
| Ballad Stanza | Four lines with a rhyme scheme of a-b-c-b. First and third lines are tetrameter and second and fourth are trimeter. |
| Rime Royal | Seven lines in imabic pentameter rhyming a-b-a-b-b-c-c. King James of Scotland used it. |
| Ottava Rima | Eight iambic pentameter lines with a rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b-a-b-c-c-. Form that was borrowed from the Italians. |
| Spenserian Stanza | Nine-line stanza consisting of eight imabic pentameter lines followed by an alexandrine, a line of iambic hexameter. |
| Sonnet | Fourteen-line stanza form consisting of iambic pentameter lines. |
| Italian/Petrarchan Sonnet | Fourteen-line stanza form consisting of an octave and a sestet. |
| English/Shakespearean Sonnet | Fourteen-line stanza consisting of three quatrains and a couplet. |
| Caesura | A pause in a line of verse |
| Paradox | A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true |
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