10th Grade TAKS Science Vocab: Objective 2
About this set
Created by:
phantomOmega on March 21, 2008
Subjects:
Description:
"The student will demonstrate an understanding of the organization of living systems."
Classes:
physics cross roads 1st pd, TAKS 7th period, Mrs. Keith's Physics Class, Mrs. Keith's Chemistry Class, BURTON HS SCIENCE
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Diffusion | Process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Osmosis | The movement of water across the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| Active transport | Process requiring energy by which cells move materials |
| Homeostasis | Equilibrium of an organism's internal environment that maintains conditions suitable for life |
| Permeability | Property of a plasma membrane that maintains the cell's homeostasis |
| Cell membrane | The boundary between the cell and its external environment |
| Organelles | Internal membrane-bound structures in cells |
| Chloroplast | Chlorophyll containing organelle found in green plants and some protists |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Membranes forming a type of transport system |
| Mitochondrion | Eukaryotic organelle in which food molecules are broken down to produce energy |
| Ribosome | Organelle involved in protein synthesis |
| DNA | Molecule coding the master copy of an organism's information code |
| RNA | Single Stranded molecule that forms a copy of DNA for use in protein synthesis |
| Mitosis | A part of cell division in which the nucleus divides, the end result is 2 identical daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell |
| Meiosis | Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half, used by organisms to produce gametes |
| Nondisjunction | Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate, cause of Down's Syndrome |
| Mutation | Error or change in the DNA sequence |
| Allele | Gene form for each variation of a trait of an organism |
| Punnet Square | Way to find expected proportions of genotypes of offspring of a cross |
| Taxonomy | Branch of biology dealing with grouping an naming organisms |
| Kingdom | Broadest level of classification |
| Animals | Multicellular consumers that eat other organisms for food |
| Archaebacteria | Group of prokaryotes that produce their food in unusual ways. Usually live in extreme environments |
| Eubacteria | Prokaryotes living under normal conditions |
| Fungi | Heterotrophic eukaryotic consumers that absorb nutrients from decomposing wastes and dead organisms |
| Plants | Stationary multicellular eukarotes that photosynthesize |
| Protists | Single celled eukaryotes |
| Prokaryotes | Single celled organisms lacking membrane bound organelles |
| Eukaryote | Organism composed of cells with organelles. May be unicellular or multicellular |
| Circulatory system | Includes heart, blood vessels and blood, transports nutrients and wastes within the body |
| Digestive system | Receives and breaks down food and absorbs nutrients |
| Endocrine system | Controls metabolic activities of the body |
| Excretory system | Filters the blood, collects and excretes wastes |
| Immune system | Protects the body from infections |
| Integumentary system | Skin and its associated structures |
| Muscular system | Provides for movement of the body |
| Skeletal system | Supports body |
| Nervous system | Provides sensory function |
| Reproductive system | Involved in the production of gametes |
| Respiratory system | Provides area for gas exchange in the organism |
| Tissue | A group of cells working together |
| Organ | A group of tissues working together |
| Organ system | A group of organs working together to maintain homeostasis |
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