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cogent convincing; reasonable exculpate to free from guilt or blame mollify to calm or soothe reclamation the act of making something useful again spurious not genuine dogmatic stubbornly adhering to unproved beliefs perjorative describing words or pharses that belittle or speak negatively of someone deleterious having a harmful effect; injurious rancorous hateful; marked by deep-seated will prosaic unimaginative; dull harbinger something that indicates what is to come; a forerunner nascent coming into existences; emerging pervasive dispersed throughout venerated highly respected fastidious possessing careful attention to detail; difficult to please solvent able to pay one's debt anthropomorphism the attribution of humanlike characteristics to inanimate objects, animals, or forces of nature archetype a perfect example; an original pattern or model chaismus an inversion in the second of two parallel phrases lexicon a word book describing language with definitions; a dictionary metonymy type of figurative language in which one term is substituted for another term with which it is closely associated pernicious causing great harm sardonic disdainfully or ironically humorous; harsh, bitter, or caustic incumbent imposed as a duty; obligatory dilettante on with an amateurish or superficial understanding of a field of knowledge truncated shortened; cut off caustic bitingly sarcastic or witty brusque rudely abrupt equanimity calmness of temperament; composure staid unemotional; serious reprehensible worthy of blame malfeasance wrongdoing; misconduct hackneyed worn out through overuse; trite austere without destruction; strict timorous fearful; timid; demonstrating fear sonorous producing a deep or full sound replete abundantly supplied; filled to capacity facile done or achieved with little effort; easy pragmatic pracitical anachronism something out of place in time or sequence apposition a grammar construcinot in which a noun (or noun phrase) is placed with another as an explanation panegyric statement of high praise synecdoche a form metonymy that's restricted to cases where a part is used ot signify the whole