| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Nuclear reaction | A reaction involving the particles in the nucleus of an atom that can change one element into another element |
| Isotope | An atom with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element |
| Mass number | The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Radioactive decay | The process in which the atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes release fast-moving particles and energy |
| Nuclear radiation | Particles and energy released from a radioactive nucleus |
| Alpha particle | A type of nuclear radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons |
| Beta particle | An electron that is given off as nuclear radiation |
| Gamma radiation | A type of nuclear radiation made of high-energy waves |
| Half-life | The length of time needed for half the mass of a radioactive isotope to decay |
| Radioactive dating | The process of determining the age of an object using the half-life of one or more radioactive isotopes |
| Tracer | A radioactive isotope that can be followed through the steps of a chemical reaction or industrial process |
| Radiation therapy | A process in which radioactive elements are used to destroy unhealthy cells |
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