Political Organization of Space
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Annexation | Incorporation of a territory into another geo-political entity. |
| Antarctica | An extremely cold continent at the south pole almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle. |
| Apartheid | Afrikaans for "apartness"; it was the segregation of blacks, coloreds, Asians, and Whites in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. It was created to keep the white minority in power and allow them to have almost total control over the black majority (~90% of the total population). |
| Balkanization | The political term used when referring to the fragmentation or breakup of a region or country into smaller regions or countries. |
| Boundaries | A unit of real estate or immovable property is limited by a legal boundary. |
| Buffer State | Zone of separation, a territorial "cushion" that keeps rivals apart. |
| Capital | A town or city that is the official seat of government in a political entity, such as a state or nation. |
| Centrifugal | Forces that divide or tend to pull the state apart. |
| Centripetal | Forces that strengthen and unify the state. |
| Colonialism | The establishment and maintenance of political and legal domination by a state over a separate and alien society. |
| Confederation | A group of states united for a common purpose. |
| Devolution | Process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government. |
| Domino Theory | If one county in a region chose or was forced to accept a communist political and economic system, then neighboring countries would be irresistibly susceptible to falling to communism. |
| EEZ(Exclusive Economic Zone) | A sea zone over which a state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources stretching 200 nautical miles from the coast. The country that controls the EEZ has rights to the fishing, whaling, etc., as well as the raw material resources. |
| Enclave | A small and relatively homogeneous group or region surrounded by a larger and different group or region. |
| Exclave | Bounded territory that is part of a state but is separated by the territory of another state(Ex. Alaska). |
| EU- European Union | Union of 27 democratic member states of Europe. |
| Federal | A form of government in which power is allocated to units of local government within the country. |
| Forward Capital | The area of a country, province, region, or state, regarded as enjoying primary status. |
| Frontier | Area where borders are shifting and weak, and where peoples of different cultures or nationalities meet and lay claim to the land. |
| Geopolitics | The state's power to control space or territory and shape the foreign policy of individual states and international political relations. |
| Gerrymander | The practice of redistricting for partisan purposes. |
| Heartland/Rimland | The central region of a country or continent. |
| Iron Curtain | An impenetrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy. |
| International Organizations | Group that includes two or more states seeking political and/or economic cooperation with each other. |
| Irredentism | A movement to reunite a nation's homeland when part of it is contained within another state. The piece of homeland that is ruled by the other state is known as an "irredenta". |
| Imperialism | The extension of the power of a nation through direct or indirect control of the economic and political life of other territories. |
| Microstate(Ministate) | State or territory that is small in both population and area. |
| Nunavut | An Arctic territory in northern Canada created in 1999 and governed solely by the Inuit. |
| Satellite State | A country that is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. |
| Self-Determination | The right of a group with distinctive politico-territorial identity to determine its own destiny, at least in part, through the control of its own territory. |
| Sovereignty | The exercise of state power over people and territroy, recognized by other states and codified by international law. |
| Shatter Belt | A region caight between powerful forces whose boundaries are continually redefined. |
| Suffrage | Right to vote: a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution. |
| Supranationalism | A venture of three or more states (sometimes two or more) involving formal economic, political, and/or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives(UN, EU). |
| Territorial Morphology | Study of states' shapes and their effects. A. Compact: Together. B. Fragmented: In separate pieces. C. Elongated: Long narrow countries. D. Prorupt: Large main territory and a narrow piece coming from it. E. Perforated: When one country encircles another. |
| Territoriality | The specific attachment of individuals or peoples to a specific location or territory. |
| North/South Divide | The differentiation made between the colonizing states of the Norther Hemisphere and the formerly colonized states of the Souther Hemisphere. |
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