Nutrition Final
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What element defines "organic"? | Carbon |
| Which of the following is the best and safest source of phytochemicals? | whole foods |
| Amounts of which type of lipids must be listed on the food labels? | trans fat and cholesterol (b and c) |
| The Daily Values reflect the needs of an "average" person consuming between ____ calories a day. | 2,000 and 2,500 |
| The DRI Committee recommended a diet that contains _____% of its calories from carbohydrates. | 45-65 |
| The Nutrition Facts Panel on a food label lists the fallowing information for amounts per serving: 111 calories; 23 calories from fat. What percentage of the calories is provided by fat? | 21% |
| Three ounces of beef stew offers about the same amount of iron as three ounces of water-packed tuna, but the beef contains over 300 calories while the tuna contains 100 calories. This is an example of: | nutrient density |
| Phytochemicals found in foods are important because: | they decrease the risk of developing certain diseases when they are eaten. |
| Which of the following foods is exempt from listing ingredients on the label? | None of the above |
| In nutrition, the word essential means: | a necessary nutrient that can be obtained only from the diet. |
| Carbs and protein each contain ___ calories per gram. | 4 |
| How many calories are in food that contain 20 grams of carbs, 8 grams of protein, and 5 grams of fat? | 157 |
| A food provides 8 grams of fat and 300 total calories. What is the percentage of calories as fat in this product? | 24% |
| The nutrients fall into __ classes. | 6 |
| The most energy rich nutrient is: | fat |
| The energy yielding nutrients include: | protein and fat (a and b) |
| The body's circulating fluids are: | Blood and lymph (b and c) |
| When the pancreas detects a high concentration of blood's sugar, glucose, it releases: | insulin |
| The liver converts excess energy-containing nutrients into: | glycogen and fat (a and c) |
| The primary organ of digestion and absorption is the: | small intestine |
| The stomaches main function is the digestion of what nutrient? | Protein |
| You have consumed a meal very high in fat. As a result, hormonal messages will tell an organ to send_____ in amounts matched to the amount of fat present. | bile |
| The digestive juices in the digestive tract include: | pancreatic juice which neutralizes stomach acids reaching the small intestine. |
| The main purpose of the kidneys in the body is to: | remove everyday wastes and water from the body. |
| Which of the following makes almost all of the body's alcohol-processing machinery? | Liver |
| Digestion of most starch begins in the: | mouth |
| What is the last stage of liver deterioration with alcohol abuse? | cirrhosis |
| About 95% of the lipids in food and the human body are: | triglycerides |
| Triglycerides consist of: | three fatty acids and glycerol (a and c) |
| Approximately ____ grams a day of carbs are needed to ensure complete sparing of body protein in an average size person? | 130 |
| Which of the following is NOT a desirable blood lipid value? | high LDL |
| Approximately what % calories from fat would be provided by a bowl of soup containing 200 calories and 99 calories from fat? | 50% |
| The lipoproteins LDL and HDL are important in heart disease risks because of the following properties and actions: | HDL plays an important role in scavenging cholestrol from the tissues for disposal/recycling. |
| Which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat? | nitrogen |
| How many amino acids are considered to be essential aa? | 9 |
| Which protein has a role in the structure of hair and nails? | keratin |
| What protein detects foreign invaders in the body for destruction? | antibodies |
| The AMDR recommends _____% of total claories as the minimal amount of protein. | 10 |
| The RDA recommendation for protein for healthy adults is ___ grams per kilogram of body weight. | 0.8 |
| Compared to meat eaters, vegetarians tend to have: | healthier body weights and lower blood pressure (b and c) |
| Poorly planned vegetarian diets typically tend to lack all of the following EXCEPT: | foliate |
| All of the following are fat soluble EXCEPT: | C |
| An uniformed vegetarian is at special risk for ___ deficiency | Vitamin B 12 |
| Characteristics of water soluble vitamins include all of the following except: | they are stored extensively in tissues |
| The main function of vitamin K is: | to help synthesis proteins that can clot the blood |
| Vitamin toxicity is more of a concern with which type of vitamins? | fat-soluble vitamins because they are stored more readily in body tissues. |
| Which of the following makes up about 60% of the body's weight? | water |
| Which of the following is the principal positively charged ion in the body? | potassium |
| Over half the body's magnesium is stored in the: | bones |
| Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body? | calcium |
| One pound of fat is equal to ____ calories | 3500 |
| In early food deprivation, the nervous system cannot us ___ as fuel. | fat |
| If a person who uses fasting to lose weight, how will his or her body react? | the body will break down fat into ketone bodies to provide fuel |
| Resting blood pressure should ideally be____ or lower. | 120 over 180 |
| In general, studies of populations have suggested that low caner rates correlate with | high vegetable intake and high whole grain intake (a and b) |
| Lab studies suggest that diets high in ___ seem to promote cancer. | calories |
| The main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease or a degenerative disease is: | infectious diseases can be cured with medications but degenerative diseases cannot. |
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