Biology 1151: Lecture Exam 4 - Chapter 28 ; Dr. Ludden; College of Dupage
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Leeuwenhoek: | Last name of the Dutch microscopist who first discovered protists |
| Protists / unicellular: | ____ are more structurally and funcionally diverse than any other group of eukaryotes; most are _____. |
| Nutritionally diverse: | Protists are ____ ____ , in that some are photoautotrophs, some are heterotrophs and others are mixotrophs. |
| Mixotrophs: | ____ combine photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition. |
| Endosymbiosis: | _____ is the process in which certain unicellular organisms engulf other cells, which become endosymbionts and ultimately organelles in the host cell. |
| Excavata: | _____ is the protist super group that includes parasites such as Giardia. |
| Chromalveolata: | _____ is the protist super group that includes diatoms and brown algae (kelp forests). |
| Rhizaria: | ____ is the protist super group that consists of species of amoebas. |
| Archaeplastida: | _____ is the protist super group that includes land plants, red & green algae, such as volvox. |
| Unikonta: | ____ is the protist super group that includes animals and fungi. |
| Diplomonads: | ____ are a sub-catagory of Excavata, that have two equal-sized nuclei and multiple flagella, such as Giardia. |
| Parabasalids: | ____ are a sub-catagory of Excavata and includes the parabasalid Trichomonas Vaginalis, a sexually transmitted parasite that infects 5 million people each year. |
| Euglenozoans: | _____ are a sub-catagory of Excavata and their main morphological feature is the presence of a sprial or crystalline rod inside their flagella. |
| Kinetoplastids: | _____ are one of two sub-catagories of Euglenozoans (Excavata) that have a single, large mitochondrion containing an organized mass of DNA called a kinetoplast. |
| Euglenids: | ____ are one of two sub-catagories of Euglenozoans (excavata) which have a pocket at one end from which one or two flagella emerge. Ex: Euglena |
| Euglena: | ____ are mixotrophs. |
| Alveolates: | _____are one of two sub-catagories of Chromalveolates that have membrane-bounded sacs (alveoli) just under the plasma membrane. |
| Stramenopiles: | ____ are one of two sub-catagories of Chromalveolates composed of marine algae and have a characteristic flagellum, with numerous fine, hairlike projections. |
| Dinoflagellates: | ____ are one of three sub-catagories of Alveolates (Chromalveolates) and are characterized by cells that are reinforced by cellulose plates. |
| Red Tides: | Dinoflagellate blooms are episodes of explosive population growth that sometimes cause a phenomenon called ___ ____. |
| Ciliates: | _____ are one of three sub-catagories of Alveolates (Chromalveolates) that are named for thier use of cilia to move and feed; ex: paramecium |
| Diatoms: | ____ are one of four sub-catagories of Stramenopiles (Chromalveolates) that are unicellular algae made of hydrated silica embedded in an organic matrix. |
| Asexually: | Most of the year, diatoms reproduce ______ by mitosis; each daughter cell receives half of the parental cell wall. |
| Brown Algae: | ____ ____ is one of four sub-catagories of Stramenopiles (Chromalveolates) that are the largest and most complex algae, commonly called seaweeds. |
| Golden Algae: | ____ ____ is one of four sub-catagories of Stramenopiles (Chromalveolates) whose color is derived by carotenoids. |
| Laminaria: | _____ is a type of brown algae. |
| Alternation of generations: | ____ ___ ____ describes the life cycle of plants, fungi and protists. A multicellular diploid phase alternates with a multicellular haploid phase. |
| Archaeplastida: | ______ is a monophyletic group that descended from ancient protist that engulfed a cyanobacterium. |
| Monophyletic: | pertaining to a grouping of species consisting of an ancestral species and all its descendants; a clade. |
| Land Plants: | Red and green algae are the closest relatives of ____ ____. |
| Chlorophytes and Charophytes: | ____ and ____ are the two main groups of green algae. |
| Chlorophytes: | ____ are unicellular organisms such as plankton. |
| Charophytes: | ____ are the algae most closely related to land plants. |
| Amoebozoans: | ____ are one of two major clades of Unikonts that include slime molds, gymnamoebas and entamoebas. |
| Entameobas: | ____ are parasites; one species includes E. histolytica that causes amebic dysentery. |
| Opisthokonts: | ____ are one of two major clades of Unikonts that includes animals, fungi and several groups of protists. |
| Producers: | _____ are organisms that use energy from light to convert carbon dioxide to organic compounds. |
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