Politics Final
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Created by:
alexmarie523 on May 4, 2010
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 civil liberties | rights that cannot be taken away |
| 14th Amendment | Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws |
| freedom of religion | People shall be free to exercise their religion, and government may not establish a religion. (est. clause and free exercise clause) |
| establishment clause | congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion |
| free exercise clause | congress cannot prohibit you from practicing religion |
| freedom of expression | right of people to speak, publish, and assemble |
| Justice Black "the ♥ of our govt" | open atmosphere, encourage variety of opinions, raises participation, promotes a stable society |
| open atmosphere | individual able to develop personalit to the fullest |
| encourage variety of opinions | advances knowledge and discovery of truth |
| raises participation | help people participate so govt listens to them |
| promotes a stable society | channeling everyone's opinions to do so |
| ideas outside of protections | obscenity, slander, fighting words, hate speech |
| obscenity | not always clear |
| slander | ideas which are false and intended to defame the character of someone |
| fighting words | slurs that provoke violence |
| hate speech | abusive speech attacking an individual's race, religion, or other characteristics. |
| freedom of press | not protected (obscene and pornographic press and libel), concerns over how info was obtained |
| libel | slander in written form |
| prior restraint | the government asking the press to hold a story (dont have to obey) |
| right to assemble | govt cannot stop it, can require permits but cannot be selective |
| issues of privacy | no explicit right, means a right to autonomy |
| Justice Bandeis | "right to be left alone" (privacy) |
| examples of privacy | birth control (warren court est. privacy, griswold v. connecticut), abortion (roe v. wade, unclear when life begins), right to die (nancy cruzan, "living will") |
| griswold v. connecticut | prohibited using or distributing contraceptives |
| roe vs. wade | the U.S. supreme Court ruled that there is a fundamental right ro privacy, which includes a woman's decision to have an abortion. Up until the third trimester the state allows abortion. |
| nancy cruzan | Comatose after automobile accident in 1983 and after 5 years of being in a persistent Vegetable state was taken off life support. |
| living will | An advance directive that specifies an individual's end-of-life wishes |
| defendant's rights | innocent until proven guilty, (4th-6th, 8th amendments) |
| 4th amendment | No unreasonable searches or siezures, no arrest except on probable cause |
| 5th amendment | no coerced confessions, no self-incrimination (dont have to testify againt yourself), no double jeopardy (cannot be tried twice if you have been acquitted) |
| 6th amendment | right to a speedy and public trial. right to a fair jury. right to know what you are being accused of. right to see/hear witnesses against you. right to have a witness to help defend you. right to a lawyer. |
| 8th amendment | No cruel and unusual punishments, reasonable bail |
| miranda ruling | requires police to inform you of your rights |
| limitations of police | miranda ruling, right to an attorney, exclusionary rule |
| exclusionary rule | prohibits admission to illegally seized evidence |
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