AP Lit Poetry Terms
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70 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 verse | a line of metrical text |
| anagram | a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase |
| lyric | a short poem of songlike quality |
| narrative poem | a poem that tells a story |
| epic | a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds |
| denotation | the literal meaning of a word |
| connotation | the feelings or emotions surrounding a word |
| persona | (Jungian psychology) a personal facade that one presents to the world |
| syntax | the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences |
| dramatic monologue | A type of poem in which a speaker addresses a silent listener. As readers, we overhear the speaker in a dramatic monologue. |
| carpe diem | seize the day |
| allusion | a reference to another work of literature, person, or event |
| implied metaphor | Implies or suggests the comparison between the two thing without stating it directly |
| controlling metaphor | A metaphor that is central to and runs through an entire work. |
| extended metaphor | a metaphor that is extended through a stanza or entire poem, often by multiple comparisons of unlike objects or ideas |
| synecdoche | symbolism; the part signifies the whole, or the whole the part (all hands on board) |
| metonymy | A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it |
| apostrophe | a technique by which a writer addresses an inanimate object, an idea, or a person who is either dead or absent. |
| allegory | an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances |
| didactic poetry | poetry with the primary purpose of teaching or preaching |
| situational irony | occurs when the outcome of a work is unexpected, or events turn out to be the opposite from what one had expected |
| verbal irony | occurs when what is said contradicts what is meant or thought |
| satire | a literary work that ridicules or criticizes a human vice through humor or derision |
| dramatic irony | (theater) irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play |
| ballad | a type of poem that is meant to be sung and is both lyric and narrative in nature |
| literary ballad | A narrative poem that is written in deliberate imitation of the language, form, and spirit of the traditional ballad. |
| assonance | the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words |
| euphony | any agreeable (pleasing and harmonious) sounds |
| cacophony | loud confusing disagreeable sounds |
| end rhyme | Rhyme that occurs at the end of two or more lines of poetry |
| internal rhyme | repetition of sounds within a line (but not at the end of the line) |
| slant | near rhyme usually the subject of assonance or consonance of true rhyme. (called oblique rhyme) |
| approximate rhyme | rhyme in which the final sounds of words are similar but not identical |
| rhythm | the repetition of visual movement of the elements, the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements |
| stress | the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) |
| meter | a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry |
| scansion | The process of marking lines of poetry to show the type of feet and the number of feet they contain |
| foot | The basic rhythmic unit of a line of poetry, formed by a combination of two or three syllables, either stressed or unstressed. |
| iambic | a metrical foot with an unstressed first syllable and a stressed second syllable |
| trochaic | one stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable |
| anapestic | metrical measurement of two unstressed syllables and then one stressed one (u u ') |
| dactylic | stressed, unstressed, unstressed |
| iambic pentameter | a common meter in poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with five feet or accents, each foot containing an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable |
| blank verse | unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter) |
| spondee | a metrical unit with stressed-stressed syllables |
| end-stopped line | definite pause at the end of a verse due to punctuation |
| enjambent/ run-on line | Continuation of syntactic unit from one line of verse to the next without a pause |
| fixed form | a traditional pattern that applies to whole poem (sonnet, limerick) |
| free verse/ open form | unrhymed verse without a consistent metrical pattern |
| stanza | an arrangement of a certain number of lines, usually four or more, sometimes having a fixed length, meter, or rhyme scheme, forming a division of a poem. |
| rhyme scheme | a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem |
| couplet | two lines of verse that form a unit alone or as part of a poem, especially two that rhyme and have the same meter |
| heroic couplet | a couplet consisting of two rhymed lines of iambic pentameter and written in an elevated style |
| tercet | a three line stanza |
| triplet | A three line stanza |
| terza rima | an Italian form of iambic verse consisting of eleven-syllable lines arranged in tercets, the middle line of each tercet rhyming with the first and last lines of the following tercet |
| quatrain | a stanza of four lines |
| sonnet | a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme |
| italian sonnet/ petrarchan sonnet | a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd |
| octave | a rhythmic group of eight lines of verse |
| seset | 6 line stanza |
| english sonnet | a sonnet consisting three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg |
| villanelle | an eight line stanza, a short poem of fixed form, written in tercets, usually five in number, followed by a final quatrain, all being based on two rhymes. |
| sestina | six lines, 6 six-line stanzas ending with tercet; last words of each line in 1st stanza are repeated as last words in next stanza |
| epigram | a witty saying expressing a single thought or observation |
| limerick | a kind of humorous verse of five lines, in which the first, second, and fifth lines rhyme with each other, and the third and fourth lines, which are shorter, form a rhymed couplet |
| haiku | 3 unrhymed lines (5, 7, 5) usually focusing on nature |
| elegy | a sad or mournful poem |
| ode | a poem usually addressed to a particular person, object or event that has stimulated deep and noble feelings in the poet |
| parody | an artistic work that imitates the style of another work for comic effect |
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