| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Clinical Psychologist | Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders &everyday behavioral problems--Treatment of full-fledged disorders |
| Counseling Psychologist | Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders &everyday behavioral problems--Treatment of everyday adjustment |
| Psychiatrist | Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders--M.D. degree (4 yrs med school + 4 yrs apprenticeship) |
| Insight Therapy | Verbal interactions intended to enhance clients' self-knowledge &thus promote healthful changes in personality &behavior |
| Psychoanalysis | (Insight Therapy) Focus on recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, &defense through free association &tranference |
| Free Association | Clients express thoughts &feelings exactly as they occur with little censorship |
| Dream Analysis | Therapist interprets symbolic meaning of client's dreams |
| Interpretation | Therapist's attempts to explain the inner significance of client's thought, feelings, memories, &behavior |
| Resistance | Unconscious defense manuevers intended to hinder the process of therapy |
| Transference | Clients unconsciously relate to therapist that mimic critical relationships in their lives |
| Client-Centered Therapy | (Insight Therapy) Providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in pace &direction of their therapy |
| Rogers' Cognitive Therapy | (Insight therapy) Recognition &change of negative thoughts &maladaptive beliefs |
| Group Therapy | [WWII + aftermath = Demand for ] Simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group |
| Spontaneous Remission | Recovery from a disorder without formal treatment |
| Behavior Therapy | Application of learning principles to direct efforts to change clients' maladaptive behaviors |
| Systematic Desensitization | (Behavior Therapy) Reduce phobic clients' anxiety responses through counterconditioning (conditioned stumuls elicits relaxation not anxiety) |
| Aversion Therapy | (Behavior therapy) Aversive stimulus paired with stimulus that elicits undesirable response |
| Social Skills Training | (Behavior therapy) Improve interpersonal skills by emphasizing modeling, shaping, &behavioral rehearsal |
| Biofeedback | Bodily function monitored; info fed back to patient for improved control of physiological process |
| Biomedical Therapy | Physiological interventions reducing symptoms of psychological disorders |
| Psychopharmacotherapy (Drug Therapy) | Treatment of mental disorders with medication |
| Antianxiety [Drugs] | Relieve tension, apprehension, &nervousness: Valium &Xanax (old), Buspar/Buspirone (new) |
| Antipsychotic [Drugs] | Used to reduce psychotic symptoms: Thorazine, Mellaril, Haldol (prominent) |
| Tardive Dyskinesia | Neurological disorder: Involuntary writing &ticklike mvts of mouth, tongue, face, hands, or feet |
| Antidepressant [Drugs] | Elevate mood &help bring people out of depression: Tricyclics &MAO inhibitors (old), Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft (new) |
| Lithium | Chemical used to control mood swings in patients with bipoloar mood disorders |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT or Electroshock Therapy) | (Biomedical Therapy) Electric shock used to produce cortical seizure + convulsions |
| Mental Hospital | Medical institution specializing in providing inpatient care for psychological disorders |
| Community Mental Health Centers | Facilities providing comprehensive mental health care for their local communities |
| Deinstitutionalization | Transferring the treatment of mental illness form inpatient institution to community-based facilities emphasizing outpatient care |
| Clinical Social Worker | (Master's degree) Treament team with a psychologist/psychiatrist--Work with patients+families to ease patient's integration into community |
| Psychiatric Nurse | (Bachelor's/Master's degree) Treatment team with a psychologist/psychiatrist |
| Counselor | (Master's degree) Specialize in specific probs: marital, vocational, rehab &drug |
| Beck's Cognitive Therapy | Changing how clients think about their lives--Reeducate to detect/challenge neg. thoughts |
| Neuroses (Freud) | Phobic, Panic, OCD, &Conversion Disorders (unconscious conflicts from early childhood/Inner conflicts: id v. ego v superego over sex./agrsv impulses) |
| Defense Mechanisms | Self-Defeating behaviors |
| Psychodynamic Approaches | Freud's psychoanalysis developed over time |
| Incongruence | Rogers: personal distress due to "incongruence" btwn a person's self-concept &reality |
| Eysenck | Claimed that Insight Therapies had no sound evidence in efficiency |
| Emetic Drug | Causes nausea + vomiting |
| Electromyograph (EMG) | Enhances relaxation/Measures skeletal-muscular tension |
| Benzodiazephine | Tranquilizers/Old antianxiety drug: Valium &Xanax (effect = almost immediate) |
| Buspar (Buspirone) | New antianxiety drug (effect = 1-3 weeks) |
| [Prominent] Antipsychotic | Thorazine (Chlorpromazine) |
| [Prominent] Antipsychotic | Mellaril (Thioridazine) |
| [Prominent] Antipsychotic | Haldol (Haloperidol) |
| [Old] Antidepressant | Tricyclics (Elavil) |
| [Old] Antidepressant | MAO Inhibitors (Nardel) |
| [New] Antidepressant | Prozac (Fluoxetine) |
| [New] Antidepressant | Paxil (Paroxetine) |
| [New] Antidepressant | Zoloft (Sertraline) |
| Eclectism | Drawing ideas form 2/more systems of therapy rather than just 1 |
| Theoretical Integration | (Eclectism) 2/more systems of therapy combined to take advg of each strength |
| Technical Eclectism | (Eclectism) Borrowing ideas, insights, &techniques from a variety of sources while tailoring one's intervention strategy to client's needs |
| Modern Psychotherapy | Emerged during second half of 19th century in Europe &America |
| Cultural Barrier | Some cultural groups prefer to rely on assistance from people who share heritage (family, clergy, elders) rather than professionals |
| Language Barrier | Hospitals/agencies = not staffed w/ language-speaking professionals of minority groups |
| Access Barrier | Lack of health insurance restricts options in pursuing treatment |
| Institutional Barrier | Cultural Gap = therapists are trained to treat white, middle-class Americans |
| Dix | Started U.S. national netweork of state-funded mental hospitals (1840s) |
| John F. Kennedy | First President to address nation about mental helath |
| "Revolving Door" | Pop. Flowing in &out of psychiatric facilities/Pop. of mentally ill homeless |
| Humanistic Perspective | Client-Centered Therapy (Rogers) |
| Behavioral Perspective | Behavior Therapies (Wolpe, Bandura) |
| Physiological Perspective | Biomedical Therapies |
| Cognitive Perspective | Cognitive Therapies (Beck, Ellis) |
| Clozaril (Clozapine) | Non-traditional antipsychotic: Exerts subtypes of dopamine &serotonin receptors |
Combine with other sets
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