Ecology
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Created by:
nikitha123 on May 9, 2010
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 population | collection of individuals of the same species in the same geographic location at the same time |
| community | collection of populations of species in a geographic area |
| ecosystem | the individuals of a community and the environment in which it exists |
| biotic components | living components of the ecosystem |
| abitotic components | nonliving players (weather, temp, oxygen, nutrients) |
| biophere | entire life containing area of a planet |
| niche | all biotic and abiotic resources used by an organism |
| population density | how many individuals are in a certain area |
| biotic potential | maximum growth rate of a population given unlimited resources and space and lack of competition or predators |
| carrying capacity | maximum number of indiviuduals that a population can sustain in a given environment |
| limiting factors | control population size |
| density-dependent factors | appear when a population approaches or surpasses carrying capacity |
| density-independent factors | nothing to do with population size |
| exponential growth | growth as if there are no limitations |
| logistic growth | growth with limiting factors |
| aposematic coloration | warning coloration adopted by animals that possess a chemical defense mechanism |
| Batesian mimicracy | harmless animals copy the coloration of a dangerous one |
| cryptic coloring | those beign hunted adopt a color scheme to match the environment |
| deceptive markings | cause a predator to think twice before attacking |
| Mulleran mimicracy | two aposematically colored species adopt eachother's coloration to increase the speed with which predators learn to aviod them |
| Type I | individuals live long lives until an age is reached where the death rate increases rapidly |
| Type I | humans |
| Type II | death rate constant throughout |
| Type II | lizards, hydra, small mammals |
| Type III | steep downward curve for those of a young age and a death rate that flattens out once a certain age is reached |
| Type III | fish, oysters, mollusks |
| Desert | wide range of temperature from day to night |
| Desert | most animals nocturnal |
| Desert | water moderates temp |
| Desert | no adequate rainfall |
| Savanna | grasslands with spattering trees |
| Savanna | soil lacks nutrients |
| Taiga | lengthy cold and wet winters |
| Temperate Deciduous Forests | alternating cold winters and warm summers |
| Temperate Grasslands | soil is very fertile |
| Temperate Grasslands | in regions with cold winters |
| Tropical forests | near equator |
| Tropical forests | rain/dry forests |
| Tropical forests | rapid recycling of nutrients |
| Tropical forests | greated variety of species |
| Tundra | extremely cold winters |
| Tundra | permafrost is frozen year round |
| Tundra | short shrubs and grasses |
| Water | fresh and marine waters |
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