1.
6 kingdoms: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
2.
7 levels of classification: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
3.
adolescence: the time period between the beginning of puberty and adulthood
4.
adulthood: the period of time in your life after your physical growth has stopped and you are fully developed
5.
aerobic exercise: sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness
6.
alveoli: air sacs in the lungs, with capillaries to take out CO2
7.
amniotic sac: a fluid-filled sac that cushions and protects a developing embryo and fetus in the uterus
8.
Archaebacteria: bacteria that live under extreme conditions such as: high temperature, high salt content, and low oxygen
9.
arteries: blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
10.
asexual reproduction: process by which a single parent reproduces by itself
11.
atrium: upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle
12.
bacteria size, shapes & structure: flagellum or cilia for movement, bacilli=rod shaped(dry out/water), cocci=spherical(don't dry out), spirilla=spiral-shaped w/flagella
13.
ball and socket joint: rounded end of one bone fits into a cup like end of another bone
14.
binary fission: the division of a prokaryotic cell into two offspring cells
15.
bioremediation: bacteria used to change pollutants into harmless chemicals
16.
bladder: elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body
17.
blood: the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped by the heart
18.
blood pressure: the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels
19.
bone marrow: the fatty network of connective tissue that fills the cavities of bones, a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
20.
bronchi: two short branches located at the lower end of the trachea that carry air into the lungs.
21.
budding: reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent
22.
capillaries: tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body
23.
cardiac muscle: type of muscle found only in the heart, and blood vessels
24.
Carolus Linaeus: person who introduced a system based on similar structures of organisms with 2part names in latin
25.
cartiliage: a rubbery layer of tissue found at they ends of bones where they form joints
26.
childhood: the state of a child between infancy and adolescence
27.
chromosomes: threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
28.
circulatory system: the organs and tissues involved in circulating blood and lymph through the body
29.
compact bone: The dense, hard layer of bone tissue
30.
connective tissue: tissue that holds organs in place and binds different parts of the body together
31.
Cyanobacteria: group of prokaryotes that generate oxygen as a waste product of their photosynthesis
32.
decomposing bacteria: Eubacteria that feed off of dead organic matter
33.
dermis: the deep vascular inner layer of the skin
34.
diaphragm: pushes up and down so you can breath
35.
dichotomous key: an aid that is used to identify organisms and that consists of the answers to a series of questions
36.
digestive system: body system the breaks down food and absorbs nutrients
37.
ectopic pregnancy: A pregnancy outside of the womb, usually in a fallopian tube
38.
embryo: the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month
39.
endocrine system: the system of glands that produce endocrine secretions that help to control bodily metabolic activity
40.
endospore: a thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions
41.
epidermis: the outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates
42.
epithelial tissue: tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines internal organs
43.
esophagus: the passage between the pharynx and the stomach
44.
Eubacteria: A kingdom that contains all prokaryotes except archaebacteria
45.
evolutionary tree: a diagram that reflects evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms
46.
excretory system: the system that removes waste from your body and controls water balance
47.
extensor muscle: a skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part
48.
fallopian tube: either of a pair of tubes conducting the egg from the ovary to the uterus
49.
fetus: the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth
50.
flagellum: a long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move
51.
flexor muscle: a skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint
52.
fragmentation: an organism breaks into two or more parts that grow into seperate organisms
53.
hinge joint: is found at the elbow, knee, ankle, and fingers, allows a joint to bend and straighten promoting rotation
54.
homeostasis: process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment, body temp.
55.
host: an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite
56.
hypertension: abnormally high blood pressure
57.
immune system: a system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing the immune response
58.
infancy: birth to 1 year
59.
infertility: the state of being unable to produce offspring
60.
integumentary system: the skin and its appendages
61.
joint: (anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if the articulation allows motion)
62.
larynx: voice box
63.
lungs: two spongy organs, located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage, responsible for respiration
64.
lyctic cycle: virus enters cell, makes copies, and causes the cell to burst and die, instant activation
65.
lymphatic system: the interconnected system of spaces and vessels between body tissues and organs by which lymph circulates throughout the body
66.
lysogenic cycle: allows viruses to hide in their host cell for days, months, or years before activation
67.
marsupials: Mammals whose immature offspring complete their development in an external pouch.
68.
monotremes: mammals that lay eggs, when hatch are partially developed.
69.
muscle tissue: A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
70.
muscular system: enables movement of the body and internal organs
71.
nervous system: the body's speedy, electrochemical communication system, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
72.
nervous tissue: A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.
73.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria: change nitrogen at roots of plants into a form they can use
74.
ovaries: organs that produce eggs
75.
parasite: requires a host to live
76.
pathogenic bacteria: Disease causing bacteria
77.
penis: external male reproductive organ
78.
peristalisis: muscle contractions to assist digestion
79.
pharynx: throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
80.
placenta: organ in placental mammals through which nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother
81.
placental mammals: Mammals that carry their young in the uterus inside a tissue (placenta) that enables nutrients, gases, and wastes to be exchanged between the mother and the embryo.
82.
plasma: colorless watery fluid of blood and lymph containing no cells and in which erythrocytes and leukocytes and platelets are suspended
83.
platelet: a cell fragment that plays an important part in forming blood clots
84.
prostate: male gland
85.
pulmonary circulation: circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs
86.
reasons bacteria are good: used in cleaners, medicine, lactose food
87.
reproductive system: organs and tissues involved in the production and maturation of gametes and in their union and subsequent development as offspring
88.
resistance exercise: resistance exercise helps strenghten skeletal muscles;people work against the resistance of a weight or object
89.
respiration: the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation
90.
respiratory system: system responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide using the lungs
91.
scientific name: The name given to each species, consisting of its genus and its species label
92.
skeletal muscle: a muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton
93.
skeletal system: the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body of an animal
94.
sliding joint: A joint in which the axis of motion is linear.
95.
small intestine: organ that completes the chemical digestion of food and absorbs the nutrients
96.
smooth muscle: a muscle that contracts without conscious control and found in walls of internal organs such as stomach and intestine and bladder and blood vessels (excluding the heart)
97.
spongy bone: Layer of Bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone
98.
STD: Disease that spreads from one person through sexual contact
99.
stomach: an enlarged and muscular saclike organ
100.
stroke: a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain
101.
systemic circulation: circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs
102.
Taxonomy: the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms
103.
tendon: a cord or band of inelastic tissue connecting a muscle with its bony attachment
104.
trachea: windpipe; tube through which air moves
105.
umbilical cord: A structure with blood vessels that connect the embryo to the placenta.
106.
uterus: organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop
107.
vagina: the lower part of the female reproductive tract
108.
veins: blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
109.
ventricle: a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps it to the arteries
110.
virus classification: genetic material, envelope, shape or structure
111.
viruses: tiny particles, smaller than bacteria and other pathogens, which must invade living cells in order to reproduce; when they invade, the cells are damaged or destroyed in the process releasing new particles to infect other cells
112.
white blood cells: diease fighting cells in blood
113.
zygote: a fertilized egg
