Western Civ Final Pt. 1
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38 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Anglo Saxons |  invaded Britain and give England its name and language |
| Comitatus | bond of loyalty between warriors and their king |
| Wergild | a fine, the amount paid by the wrongdoer to the family of the person he or she had injured or killed; translates as "money for a man" |
| Bretwalda | the Old English name for the single ruler of England in the 7th and 8th centuries. |
| King Alfred | unified warring territories in 871; negotiated Danelaugh (Danelaw) sectioning off areas of England |
| Danelaw | Northeastern region of England ruled by the Vikings. Danes in north, english in south |
| Merovingian | a Frankish dynasty founded by Clovis I that reigned in Gaul and Germany from about 500 to 750 |
| Franks | group of Germanic people who rose to prominence under the leadership of King Clovis |
| Charlemagne | King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. (250) |
| Carolingian | The French dynasty of rulers descended from Charlemagne. |
| Holy Roman Empire | the lands ruled by Charlemagne |
| Carolingian Miniscule | a reform of handwriting devised by monks at the monasteries of Corbie and Tours in the year 800. a new type of formal literacy writing using lowercase letters. Its standards of capitalizing the first letters of sentences is the basis of our modern printing. |
| Monastery | A place where communities of monks live lives of devotion to God in isolation from the outside world |
| Scriptorium | large room in a monastery dedicated to the copying and maintaining of texts |
| Vikings | one of a seafaring Scandinavian people who raided the coasts of northern and western from the eighth through the tenth century. |
| Magna Carta | the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215 |
| Parliament | the national legislature of various countries made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons |
| Crusades | a series of military expeditions in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Westrn European Christians to reclain control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims |
| St. Francis | founded orders of beggars and worked to pursuade heretics to return to the Roman Catholic Church |
| St. Dominic | he established an order which combined the rule of poverty and the practice of mendicancy with careful study and informed preaching |
| Manor | the landed estate of a lord (including the house on it) |
| Manorialism | An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord. It developed during the Middle Ages to increase agricultural production. |
| Serf | (Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord |
| Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service |
| Homage | honor; tribute; great respect |
| Fealty | the loyalty that citizens owe to their country (or subjects to their sovereign) |
| Fief | a piece of land held under the feudal system |
| Lord | in the middle ages, a noble who owned and controlled all activities on his manor |
| Vassal | a person holding a fief |
| Guild | A medieval organization of crafts workers or trades people. |
| Scholasticism | the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe |
| Romanesque | a style of architecture developed in Italy and western Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000 AD |
| Gothic | Of the middle ages; of or relating to a mysterious, grotesque, and desolate style of fiction |
| Flying Buttress | a buttress that stands apart from the main structure and connected to it by an arch |
| Chivalry | Code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages |
| Courtly love | (Middle Ages) a highly conventionalized code of conduct for lovers |
| Romance | Genre of writing from the Middle Ages that chronicles the adventures of noble heroes, gallant love, and the chivalric code of honor |
| William the Conqueror | 1027-1087 Norman king in 1066 he defeated Harold, the Anglo-Saxon king, to become the first Norman king of england |
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