1.
13th amendment: abolishes slavery in the U.S.
2.
Alexander Stephens: Former vice president of the Confederacy who returned to Washington to reclaim his seat in Congress in 1865.
3.
Anaconda Plan: Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi River, and to take an army through heart of south.
4.
Antietam: the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this "win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation
5.
Appomattox Court House: Site of the Confederate General Lee's surrender to the union.
6.
border states: The states between the North and the South that were divided over whether to stay in the Union or join the Confederacy.
7.
Bull Run: First battle of the Civil War fought between Federal and Confederate infantry. Decisive victory for the Confederacy and ended the thought of a short end to the war.
8.
Confederate states of America: A republic formed in February of 1861 and composed of the eleven Southern states that seceded from the United States.
9.
Copperheads: A group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War.
10.
David Farragut: Union admiral whose fleet captured New Orleans and Baton Rouge.
11.
election of 1864: Lincoln vs. McClellan, Lincoln wants to unite North and South, McClellan wants war to end. Lincoln wins the election.
12.
Emancipation Proclamation: Issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free.
13.
Ex Parte Milligan: 1866 - Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under Marshall law.
14.
executive power: Powers of the President of the United States, delegated or implied by the Constitution, used to implement and enforce laws.
15.
Fort Sumpter: Federal military fort located in Charleston harbor which was attacked by Confederate forces and is considered the beginning of the Civil War.
16.
Fredericksburg: Major Union loss which continued to prove the ineffectiveness of Union commanders.
17.
George McClellan: He was a Union general that was in charge during the beginning of the war. He defeated Lee at Antietam, securing a much needed Union victory. But was later replaced.
18.
Gettysburg: Major loss for the confederate army in Pennsylvania and convinced European nations not to support the South.
19.
greenbacks: Name for Union paper money not backed by gold or silver. Value would fluctuate depending on status of the war.
20.
habeas corpus: Rights of people to be safe from unfair imprisonment under the federal law.
21.
homestead act: Passed in 1862, it gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years. The settler would only have to pay a registration fee of $25.
22.
insurrection: Organized opposition to authority or an established government.
23.
Jefferson Davis: An American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America.
24.
John Wilkes Booth: Man responsible for the assassination of president Lincoln.
25.
laird rams: Two confederate warships being constructed in British shipyards, they were eventually seized by the British for to remain neutral in the Civil War.
26.
morrill land grant act: 1862, in this act, the federal government had donated public land to the states for the establishment of colleges; as a result, 69 land- grant institutions were established.
27.
Morrill Tariff Act: 1861 law that increased tariffs duties to 10%
28.
pacific railway act: 1862, provides federal subsidies in land and loans for the construction of a transcontinental railroad.
29.
Robert E. Lee: Commander of the Confederate Army.
30.
Shiloh: This was battle fought by Grant in an attempt to capture the railroads of the South. The Confederates strong resistance showed that they would not go quietly and the war was far from over.
31.
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson: General in the Confederate Army during the Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863).
32.
Trent Affair: In 1861 the Confederacy sent emissaries James Mason to Britain and John Slidell to France to lobby for recognition. A Union ship captured both men and took them to Boston as prisoners.
33.
Ulysses S. Grant: An American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.
34.
Vicksburg: Major Union victory in the western theater and gave the Union army control of the Mississippi River.
35.
Winfield Scott: United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866).
