Digestive System
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Amylase | enzyme found saliva that breaks down starches |
| Bolus | the chewed clump of food that is swallowed that passes to the esophagus |
| Peristalysis | contractions of smooth muscle that help move food along the digestive tract |
| chyme | mixture found in stomach made from food and fluid |
| villi | fingerlike projections found on the folded surface of the small intestines |
| ATP | cells convert the chemical energy in glucose and other molecules into ___ |
| calories | the energy stored in food |
| nutrition | the study of food and its effects on the body |
| mechanical digestion | the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces |
| chemical digestion | the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream |
| primary job of large intestine | to remove water from undigested material |
| nutrients | substances in food that supply the energy and raw materials your body uses for growth, repair and maintenance |
| small intestine | most chemical digestion and absorption occurs in the ____ |
| pancreas | produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels |
| pancreas | produces enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins and lipids |
| esophagus | food moves through the ____ from the mouth to the stomach |
| large intestine | removes water from undigested material |
| anus/rectum | eliminates waste |
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