Astro 11 set 3
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12 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Troposhere | contains all of the weather, is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 75% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. |
| Stratosphere: | where plains fly, is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. It is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down. This is in contrast to the troposphere near the Earth's surface, which is cooler higher up and warmer farther down. |
| Exoshphere: | end of the spheres 67 miles up, the uppermost layer of the atmosphere. In the exosphere, an upward travelling molecule can escape to space if it is moving fast enough to attain escape velocity; otherwise it will be pulled back to the celestial body by gravity. In either case, such a molecule is unlikely to collide with another molecule due to the exosphere's low density. |
| Ionosphere | Where ultraviolet rays are found, the uppermost part of the atmosphere, between the thermosphere and the exosphere, distinguished because it is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important part in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on the Earth |
| Van Allen Belts: | supported high up in the earth's magnetic fields they keep out ultra violet rays from harming earth |
| Earths magnetic field | is approximately a magnetic dipole, with the magnetic field S pole near the Earth's geographic north pole (see Magnetic North Pole) and the other magnetic field N pole near the Earth's geographic south pole (see Magnetic South Pole). The cause of the field can be explained by dynamo theory. Magnetic fields extend infinitely, though they are less densely grouped further from their source. The Earth's magnetic field, which effectively extends several tens of thousands of kilometres into space, is called the magnetosphere. |
| Dynamo Effect | what creates the magnetic field around the earth by the inner and outer core revolving. ***proposes a mechanism by which a celestial body such as the Earth or a star generates a magnetic field. The theory describes the process through which a rotating, convecting, and electrically conducting fluid can maintain a magnetic field over astronomical time. |
| Earth's Crust | top level of the earth a plastic type layer that can move this causes continental drift and plate tectonics. is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet or moon, which is chemically distinct from the underlying mantle. The crusts of Earth, our Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Io, and other planetary bodies have been generated largely by igneous processes, and these crusts are richer in incompatible elements than their respective mantles. |
| Earth's Mantle: | next level down, a part of a terrestrial planet or other rocky body large enough to have differentiated by density. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other terrestrial planets, is chemically divided into layers. The mantle is a highly viscous layer between the crust and the outer core. Earth's mantle is a rocky shell about 2,890 km (1,800 mi) thick that constitutes about 84 percent of Earth's volume.[1] It is predominantly solid and encloses the iron-rich hot core, which occupies about 15 percent of Earth's volume. |
| Earth's Dual Core | Middle of the earth that is iron with nickel part is molten then the next part is solid. The iron ball sloshes around in the center in the dynamo effect which creates a magnetic field. |
| Earth's Atmosphere | a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth that is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night. |
| Accretion | process in which the size of something gradually increases by steady addition of smaller parts. |
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