| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Embargo | The banning of trade with a country |
| Impressment | The practice of forcing people to serve in the army or navy |
| Judicial Review | The Supreme Court's power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional |
| Louisiana Purchase | The purchase of French land between the Mississippi and the Rocky Mountains that doubled the size of the United States |
| States' Right Doctrine | The belief that the power of the states should be greater than the power of the federal government |
| Tariff of Abominations | The nickname given to a tariff by southerners' who opposed to it |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Ended the Mexican War and gave the United States much of Mexico's northern territory |
| Marbury v Madison | U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review |
| Monroe Doctrine | U.S. statement forbidding futher colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility |
| Southern Region Economy | Based on farming of cash crops, selling those cash crops to foreign nations, and opposing tariffs |
| Northern Region Economy | Based on trade, manufacturing, and supporting tariffs |
| Western Region Economy | Based on farming, encouraging further settlement, and demanding better transportation |
| Manifest Destiny | A belief that the U.S. should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean |
| Industrial Revolution | A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production |
| Interchangeable Parts | A process that called for making each part of a machine exactly the same |
| Mass Production | The efficient production of a large number of identical goods |
| Cotton Belt | A region stretching from South Carolina to east Texas where most of U.S. cotton was grown during the mid-1800's |
| Sectionalism | A loyality to the interests of one geographical region over the interests of the country as a whole. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves and required the slaves be returned to the slaveholders. |
| Freeport Doctrine | A statement that said people could use popular sovereignty to determine if the state should permit slavery or not. |
| Secession | The act of formally withdrawingfrom the Union. |
| Total War | A type of war in which the army destroys the enemy's ability to fight by targeting civilian, economic, and military resources. |
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