What You Need To Know for the Science 8 Final (Part 1)
Order by
69 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Lever | A rigid object that pivots about a fixed point |
| 3 Types of Levers | First Class Levers, Second Class Levers, Third Class Levers |
| 2 Ways an Object Can Accelerate | Change speed, change direction |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed; thus, the total amount of energy remains the same during physical or chemical change |
| Temperature | The measure of the average energy of the motion of particles in a substance |
| Absolute Zero | The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter |
| 3 States of Matter | Solid, Liquid, Gas |
| Solid | A state of matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape |
| Liquid | A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume |
| Gas | A state of matter that has no definite shape or volume |
| 6 Sources of Energy | Mechanical energy, Thermal energy, Chemical energy, Electrical energy, Electromagnetic energy, Nuclear energy |
| Mechanical Energy | Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an object |
| Thermal Energy | The total energy of a substance's particles due to their movement or vibration |
| Chemical Energy | The potential energy stored in chemical compounds |
| Electrical Energy | The energy of moving electric charges |
| Electromagnetic Energy | The energy of light and other forms of radiation |
| Nuclear Energy | The potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| Machine | A device that changes the amount of force exerted or the direction in which force is exerted |
| Simple Machine | A single machine |
| Compound Machine | A machine that utilizes two or more simple machines |
| 3 Ways Machines Work | Multiply force, multiply distance, change direction |
| Gravity | The force that pulls objects toward each other |
| Free Fall | The motion of a falling object when the only force acting upon it is gravity |
| Potential Energy | Energy that is stored and held in readiness |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy that an object has due to its motion |
| Newton's First Law | An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object that is moving at a constant velocity will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. |
| Newton's Second Law | The net force on an object is equal to the product of its acceleration and its mass |
| Newton's Third Law | If one object exerted a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal magnitude in the opposite direction of the first object. |
| Acceleration Equation | Force / mass |
| Mass | A measure of much matter is in an object |
| Weight | A measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| Convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of current within a fluid |
| Conduction | The transfer of heat between particles within a substance |
| Radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
| Force | A push or pull exerted on an object |
| Friction | A force that is exerted when two substances are rubbed together; electrons are transferred by the rubbing |
| Crest | The highest part of a transverse wave |
| Trough | The lowest part of a transverse wave |
| Frequency | The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time |
| Wavelength | The distance between the crest of one wave and the crest of the next |
| Refraction | The bending of waves as they enter a different medium |
| Doppler Effect | The apparent change in frequency of a sound as the source moves in relation to the listener |
| Real Image | An inverted image formed where rays of light meet |
| Virtual Image | An upright image formed where rays of light appear to meet or come from |
| Primary Colors of Light | Red, Green, Blue |
| Primary Colors of Pigment | Cyan, Yellow, Magenta |
| 3 Things that can Happen when Light Strikes an Object | Reflected, Absorbed, Transmitted |
| Opaque | A material that reflects or absorbs all light that strikes light |
| Translucent | A material that scatters light as it passes through |
| Transparent | A material that transmits light |
| Friction | A force that is exerted when two substances are rubbed together; electrons are transferred by the rubbing |
| Static Electricity | A buildup of charges on an object |
| Parallel Circuit | An electric circuit with multiple paths |
| Series Circuit | An electric circuit with a single path |
| Magnetic ends that are opposites... | attract. |
| Magnetic ends that are alike... | repel. |
| When magnets are cut in half... | both halves form a north and south pole. |
| Electromagnet | A strong magnet that can be turned on and off; a solenoid with a ferromagnetic core |
| Solenoid | A current-carrying coil of wire with many loops that act as a magnet |
| Turbine | A circular device with many blades that is turned by water, wind, steam, or tides |
| Concave Lens | A lens that is thinner in the center than at the edges |
| Convex Lens | A lens that is thicker at the center than at the edges |
| Charles Law | The relationship between the temperature and volume of gas at constant pressure; where temperature increases, volume decreases |
| Solid | ... |
| Liquid | A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume |
| Gas | ... |
| Boyle's Law | The relationship between the pressure and volume of gas at constant temperature; when volume increases, pressure decreases |
| Density Equation | Mass / Volume |
| Bernoulli Effect | The rule that a stream of fast-moving fluid exerts less pressure than the surrounding fluid |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.