chapter 31 med surg procedures
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Created by:
cindylester on May 16, 2010
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 anatomy | the study of how the body is shaped and structured |
| physiology | the study of body function |
| cells | basic unit of life, microscopic, human body has estimated 100 trillion |
| plasma membrane | surrounds cell |
| cytoplasm | inside cell carries on the cells function |
| nucleus | contains the genetic code that determines the cells function |
| tissues | when cells of similar structure and function are placed together |
| histology | the study of tissues |
| 4 types of tissues | epithelial connective muscle nervous |
| shapes of cells | squamous cuboidal coumnar transitional |
| 3 classifications of muscles | skeletal cardiac and smooth |
| opthalmoscope | used for eyes |
| otoscope | for external auditory canal and tympanic membrane |
| nasal speculum | inspect the lining of the nose, nasal membranes and internal septum |
| tuning fork | used to check a patients auditory acuity and test bone vibration |
| tape measure | used to assess length and circumference in infants and wounds |
| stethoscope | used when auscultating certain areas of the body particulary the heart, lungs, abdomen, carotid arteries |
| reflex hammer | used to test the neurologic reflexes of the knee and elbow |
| gloves | disposable and protects the healthcare worker and patients from microorganisms |
| additonal supplies | gauze cotton balls ky hemocult packets lab request forms |
| methods of examination | inspection, palpation, percussion |
| 2 basic methods of percussion | direct and indirect |
| mensuration | measuring height weight, the length of the extremity, extent of flexation, size of uterus during pregnancy |
| manipulation | forceful passive movement of a joint to determine the range of extension or flexion of a part of the body |
| fowlers position | patient sits on exam table with their head of the table at 90 degrees angle or simply the patient sits on the edge of the table used for head neck chest or for patients that find it difficult to lay down drape waist down |
| semi-fowlers position | the head of the table is raised 45 degrees used for post surical exams patients with breathing disorders, fevers, and head trauma's drape nipple line down |
| supine | lie flat with face up and lower legs supported by the table extension used to examine the front of the body inculding the heart, breasts, and abdominal organs gown open down the front and drape anything not being examined |
| dorsal | face up with the weight distributed primarily to the surface of the back knees bent may be used for rectal, vaginal and perineal areas compleatly draped |
| lithotomy | never place in this position unless the dr is in the room and is ready for that portion of the exam on there back knees sharply flexed arms on the side or across the chest and the buttocks are at the bottom edge of the table and feet in stirrups drape over abdomen and knees if no breast exam drape should cover chest |
| sims or lateral | pt is placed on there left side left arm and shoulder are drawn back behind the body so that the body's wieght is on the chest right arm is flexed upward for support left leg is slightly flexed and the buttocks are pulled to the edge of the bed the right leg is sharply flexed upward drape from underarm to knee so dr can just raise a small portion to expose the rectum used for exams instillation of rectal meds preineal procedures |
| prone | pt lies face down drape cover the middle of the back to below the knees with the gown open in the back used to examine the back for some surgical procedures |
| knee chest | pt on knees and chest with head turned on table arms under head for support buttocks are up into the air used for proctologic exams |
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