Vertebrates and Amphibians
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sciwagner on May 18, 2010
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Chordata | The phylum name for any animal with a skull and backbone |
| vertebrae | Responsible for surrounding and protecting an animal's nerve cord |
| cartilage | The skeletal structures of all vertebrate embryos are made of this |
| endotherm | An animal that maintains a constant body temperature, even if the environment changes |
| ectotherm | An animal whose body temperature changes if the surrounding environment does |
| lungs | These structures must have developed in order for amphibians to live and get oxygen on land |
| fish | Amphibians evolved directly from these animals |
| amphibian | This word means "double life" |
| amphibian | These were the first animals to be able to live most of their lives on land |
| skin | Instead of using lungs or gills, some amphibians get oxgen by using this organ |
| metamorphosis | The change from a larval form to an adult |
| tadpoles | These amphibian embryos have gills and do not have legs (yet) |
| caecilians | These amphibians have no legs and are shaped like a snake |
| salamanders | These amphibians look the most like prehistoric ones |
| salamanders | These amphibians have a tail and four legs |
| tympanic membrane | These structures allow for a frog to hear |
| nostrils | These holes are found on the roof of a frog's mouth next to the vomarine teeth |
| vomarine | These two teeth are positioned on the roof of a frog's mouth |
| maxillary | These frog teeth are around the outer edge of the upper part of a frog's mouth |
| esophagus | This tube leads from a frog's mouth to its stomach |
| front | A frog's tongue attaches to this part of its mouth |
| heart | This organ pumps blood and is made up of two atria and one ventricle |
| lungs | These stretchy respiratory organs are positioned on either side of the heart. |
| liver | The job of this organ is to filter blood and produce bile, which breaks down fats and stores sugars |
| gallbladder | This greenish sac is found between the lobes of the liver |
| gallbladder | The function of this organ is to store bile |
| stomach | This is the first organ of digestion for a frog |
| small intestine | Chemical digestion and absorption takes place in this organ |
| large intestine | This organ collects food that cannot be digested |
| small intestine | This organ comes right after the stomach |
| spleen | This reddish-brown spherical organ is found in the mesentary that holds the small and large intestine |
| spleen | This organ breaks down old blood cells and produces new ones |
| cloaca | This is where the digestive, urogenital, and reproductive systems end in a frog |
| cloaca | This is another name for a frog's anus |
| thumb | Externally, to tell whether a frog is a male or female, you would examine the size of this structure |
| kidneys | These organs filter wastes from the blood and excrete them as urine |
| kidneys | These organs are located on the dorsal wall of the frog. Fat bodies and reproductive organs are attached to them |
| ureter | This tube connects the kidney to the bladder |
| bladder | This flap-like structure collects urine |
| ovaries | These organs produce eggs in female frogs |
| testes | These organs produce sperm in male frogs |
| endotherm | Another name for "warm-blooded" |
| ectotherm | Another name for "cold-blooded" |
| fat bodies | These yellowish and finger-like organs store fat that frogs use during hibernation |
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