| Term | Definition |
|---|
| autosome | any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
| centromere | the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis |
| chromatid | one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis |
| chromatin | the material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes; a complex of proteins and DNA strands that are loosely coiled such that translation and transcription can occur |
| chromosome | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| diploid | a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes |
| haploid | describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes |
| histone | a type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells |
| homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structured, and that pair during meisosis |
| karyotype | a micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in a cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows and individual’s chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size |
| sex chromosome | one of the pair of chromosomes that derermine the sex of an individual |
Combine with other sets
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