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277 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 the primary duties of a pharmacy tech are: | accuracy and duty to the public |
| medical term for against | anti |
| medical term for across or through | trans |
| medical term for red | erythro |
| medical term for white | lueko |
| medical term for difficult, painful | dys |
| medical term for lungs | pulmon |
| medical term for slow | brady |
| medical term for fast | tachy |
| medical term for increased high | hyper |
| medical term for decreased low | hypo |
| medical term for false | pseudo |
| medical term for heart | cardio |
| medical term for tumor | oma |
| medical term for removal | ectomy |
| medical term for inflammation | itis |
| medical term for disease | pathy |
| medical term for pain | algia |
| medical term for enlargment | megaly |
| medical term for narrowing or constricting | sclerosis |
| medical term for vomiting | emisis |
| medical term for swelling | edema |
| quick on set short in duration | acute |
| long term continuos in duration | chronic |
| medication administered by injection | parenteral |
| medication administered into the gi tract | enteral |
| OTC stands for ? | over the counter |
| the GI tract runs from ______ to _____ | mouth to anus |
| capsules tablets troches and lozenges are what dose form ? | solid |
| syrups elixers and emulsions are what dose form ? | liquid |
| syrups are ____ based | sugar |
| emulsions are a mix of these two things: | water and oil |
| elixirs are ____ and ______ based | alcohol and water |
| liquids with small particles suspended in a base solution: | suspensions |
| creams lotions and ointments are what dose form ? | semisolids |
| po is : | by mouth |
| sl is : | under the tounge |
| buccal is : | in the cheek |
| prescription\legend drugs are under this drug schedule | schedule I |
| the drug schedule for controlled prescription program narcotics void after midnight of the fifth day eg. morphine is? | schedule IA |
| this drug schedule is NPA non prescription drugs kept behind the counter only sold within a pharmacy | schedule II |
| this drug schedule is non-prescrition drugs available for self selection only sold with a pharmacy | schedule III |
| this drug schedule is drugs sold outside of pharmacies including grocery stores gas stations conveinence stores eg convience packages of tylenol, halls | unscheduled drugs |
| what is a DIN number | drug identification number |
| what is a lot number? | the batch the drug was made in |
| UTI stands for | urinary tract infection |
| smallest capsule size | 5 |
| biggest capsule size | 000 |
| PYRIDIUM-phenazopyridine drug class | urinary tract analgesic |
| PYRIDIUM-phenazopyridine aux label | may discolor urine or feces |
| loss of bladder control is called | urinary incontinence |
| BPH stands for ? | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| non cancerous growth of cells in the prostate is known as ? | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| this drug class help rid the body of extra fluids and sodium as well as reduce blood pressure | diuretics |
| this mild diuretic, water and sodium excreted pottasium retained, weaker than thiazides and loop diuretics | pottasium sparing diuretic |
| this diuretic is used for mild fluid build up caused by mild to moderate heart failure cause loss of pottasium | thiazide diuretic |
| this diuretic is a potent diuretic causing marked depltion of water and electrolytes used for severe heart failure | loop diuretic |
| balance that is maintained by the body despite constant changes | homeostasis |
| ACE inhibitors are powerful _____ | vasodilators |
| ACE inhibiter stands for : | angiotensin converting enzymes inhibitors |
| ACE inhibitor side effect ? | persistant dry cough |
| beta blockers are prescribed with caution for people who have these conditions or disease | asthma bronchitis or other forms of respitory disease |
| this class of antihypertensive drugs decrease calcium levels to promote vasodilation, dilate coronory arteries | calcium channel blockers |
| this antihypertensive drug class potency is increased up to 20 times more when you eat or drink grapefruit | calcium channel blockers |
| the medical term for accumilation of lipid deposits in the wall of the arteries | atherosclerosis |
| the medical term for hardening of the arteries | arteriosclerosis |
| removes cholesteral from the blood stream delivers the cholesteral to the liver (type of cholesteral)good cholesteral | HDL |
| contribute to atherosclerosis patient is at risk for coronary heart disease(type of cholsteral) | LDL |
| grapefruit juice increases blood levels of this antihypertensive drug class | statins HMG-CoA enzyme |
| narrowing of the airways making breathing difficult is known as what condition ? | asthma |
| wheezing is symptoms of this condition | asthma |
| MDI stands for | metered dose inhaler |
| this type of inhaler can be prescribed prophyactically | metered dose inhaler |
| canister type inhalers and suspensions require this aux label | shake well |
| which auxillary label will we always apply to corticosteroid inhalers before dispensing ? | RINSE MOUTH |
| hoarsness vocal cord disturbances and oral fungal infections can occur when using this type of inhaler | corticosteroid inhaler |
| this drug class relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle and dilates the low respitory passages | bronchodilators |
| COPD stands for? | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| COPD is usually caused by these conditions(2) | emphysema and chronic bronchitis |
| this drug class liquefies and breaks up bronchial secretions | mucolytic |
| acetylcestiene BRAND name | MUCOMYST |
| the medical term for laboured or difficult breathing is called | dyspnea |
| TB is a highly contagious lung infection, tb stands for ? | tuberculosis |
| people with high blood pressure should never take these kinds of drugs | decongestants |
| (name)are chemicals produced by the lungs and nasal passage ways in response to allergens causing inflammation and congestion | luekotrienes |
| this drug class is most commonly prescribed drugs for DVT's thins the blood to stop blood clot from increasing in size and prevent new clots from forming but can not dissolve a clot that is already there | anticoagulants |
| this drug class will dissolve a blood clot and is used in emergency situations however they can cause sudden bleeding | thrombolytics |
| this drug is used to relive symptoms of this disease CHF | digoxin lanoxin po inj |
| CHF stands for | congestive heart failure |
| cardiac glycoside dose forms ? | po and injectable |
| the heart function as a pump is inadequate to meet the bodys needs(condition) | congestive heart failure |
| the medical term for fluid in the lungs is | pulmonary edema |
| medical term for fluid in the extremities | peripheral edema |
| antianginal drugs are either (2) they increase blood flow to the heart | vasodilators or nitrates |
| nitroglycerin dose forms(4) | sl spray injection patch |
| side effects of nitroglycerin (2) | headache and orthostatic hypotension |
| sl tablets must be dispensed in the original amber glass bottle because they are (2) sensitive | light and moisture |
| ISORDIL-isosorbide side effects (2) | headache dizzyness |
| a man taking this drug class must never take erectile dysfunction medication | nitrates |
| (condition)acute chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the heart may last up to a few minutes or can lead to myocardial infarction | angina |
| digoxins antidote is | DIGIBIND |
| this drug has a narrow theraputic window long half life and even one extra dose can be fatal | digoxin |
| myocardial infarction is ? | DEATH to the heart muscle |
| a disorder of cardiac arrest conduction is known as ? | arrythmia |
| medical term for fast heart beat | tachycardia |
| medical term for slow heart beat | bradycardia |
| this drug class will restore normal cardiac rythem, alters the conduction of electrical signals in the heart | antiarrythmics |
| ECG stand for ? | electro cardio gram |
| the amount of a drug that reaches its intended destination by being absorbed into the blood stream is known as ? | bioavailability |
| the life or movment of the drug in the body is known as | pharmacokinetic |
| 4 cycles of pharmacokinetics | absorption distribution metabolism excretion |
| taking in of nutrients from foods liquids and drugs is known as | absorption |
| the ability of a drug to pass ino the bloodstream is known as | distribution |
| the physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism is known as ? | metabolism |
| meaning the same as elimination of waste products through stool and urine | excretion |
| known as the amount of time it takes half of the drugs concentration to leave the body | half life |
| the nonproprietary or common name of a drug no ownership | generic name |
| patented proprietary name of a drug sold by a specific manufacture | BRAND NAME |
| name that defines the chemical composition of the drug | chemical name |
| what are the 4 drug effects | theraputic side adverse toxic |
| this is the desired drug effect it alleviates some conditions or symptoms the reason the drug is being taken | theraputic effect |
| undesirable drug effect but not usually harmful | side effect |
| undesirable drug effect that is potentially harmful | adverse effect |
| bad effect that implies poisoning and can lead to death | toxic effect |
| agonist are drugs that bind to a specific receptors and______ a drug effect | produce |
| antagonist bind with specific receptors to _____ a drug effect | block |
| when the action resulting from a combination of drugs is greater than the sum of their individual drug effect (1+1=4) | synergism |
| produces an action that is greater than either of the components can produce alone(1+0=4) | potentiation |
| 5 rights of a prescription for a patient are(5) | right patient right drug right dose right time right route |
| the read three times rule is | retreiving drug filling drug and returning drug |
| NSAID COX-2 inhibitor and corticosteroid aux label is | take with food |
| narcotics aux label is | do not drink alcohol may cause dizzyness or drowsyness |
| antibiotics aux label | take until finished |
| warfarin aux label | do not take asa or products containing asa |
| no more than __ aux label on a bottle before they start to lose significance | three |
| non narcotic analgesics are ?(4) | acetaminophen NSAIDS COX-2 inhibitors DMARDS |
| DMARDS stands for | disease modifying antirheumatic drugs |
| acetaminophen properties(2) | analgesic antipyretic |
| aux label for products containing acetaminophen | DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL |
| max dail dose of acetaminopen | 4g |
| 1 tablet of acetaminophen is how many mg | 325mg |
| 1 extra strength tablet of acetaminophen is how many mg | 500mg |
| four properties of asa are ? | nsaid analgesic antipyretic anticoagulant |
| asa should be avoided for how many days before surgery ? | 7 |
| these two drugs should not be taken together | warfarin and asa |
| this is a condition in which tissues have been damaged | inflammation |
| inflammation is characterized by(4) | redness swelling warmth pain |
| ibuprofen nsaid works best on which of these two types of pain | menstural and dental |
| degenerative joint disease | osteoarthritis |
| joints are inflammed limiting range of motion progressive degenerative crippling immune disease | rheumatoid arthritis |
| a build up uric acid commonly in the big toe is known as | gout |
| corticosteroid side effects | moon face and loss of bone density |
| a drug class that causes the shedding of the outer layer of skin | keratolytic |
| medical term for itching | pruritis |
| a drug class that relives (mild to moderate) pain by reducing the perception of pain | analgesic |
| this drug class reducess swelling redness heat pain and promotes healing | antiinflammatory |
| this drug class reduces a fever | antipyretic |
| a drug class that can decrease the coughing reflex | antitussive |
| the coughing reflex comes from the? | medulla of the central nervous system |
| a drug class that causes the removal of mucous from the respitory system | expectorant |
| treatment given before an event to prevent the event from happening | prophylaxis treatment |
| this rare condition effects the brain and liver and is also the reason why children and teenagers should avoid taking asa | reyes syndrome |
| patients using antidepressants and those with heart conditions should not use these drugs before first talking to there doctor | decongestants |
| most commonly used otc for insomnia | BENADRYL diphenhydramine antihistamine |
| can be used if the patient has overdosed | activated charcoal |
| the GI tract is? | gastrointestinal tract |
| a bowel disease that produces inflammation anywhere along the gi tract | crohns disease |
| gastrointestanil malfunctions(5) | vomiting diarrhea constipation peptic ulcers gerd |
| this antidiarrheal is locked up like a narcotic | LOMOTIL diphenoxylate |
| constipation drugs(3) | bulk forming stool softeners stimulant laxatives |
| this product is recommended for complete bowel evacuation prior to diagnostic procedures and how long before they exert their effect | cathartics 1 hour |
| this is the medical term for open sore or wound | ulcer |
| these three drug classes are known to cause ulcers and therefore should also have the take with food aux label | asa corticosteroids nsaids |
| this drug is used to protect the cells of the stomach lining cytoprotective agent | CYTOTEC misoprostol |
| misoprostol CYTOTEC is contraindicated in pregnant women because | it can cause uterine contractions that can abort the fetus |
| GERD stands for | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| 7 lifestyle modifications for GERD patients | avoid lying down after eating elevate the head of the bed 6-8 inches eat small meals lose weight if patient is over weight quit smoking do not drink alcohol limit use of NSAIDS |
| antacids do what to the stomach and when should they be used | neutralize stomach acids after meals as needed |
| h2 antagonist do what to the stomach | reduce production of stomach acids |
| proton pump inhibitors reduce the production of acid in the stomach up to 90 % because they block what ? | the final step of acid production |
| this is used to remove poisons that are not digested | syrup of ipecac |
| psychosis or schizophrenia is a mental disorder with these symptoms(3) | delusions hallucinations difficulty processing information |
| psychosis and schizophrenia is caused by : | an imbalance of dopamine in the brain |
| some antipsychotics are also used as? | antiemetics |
| this drug is used to treat anxiety and insomnia | anxiolytic |
| benzo's can also be used as this | anticonvulsant |
| the benzodiazepines and other targeted substance regulation is in effect because | the potential for abuse and they are habit forming |
| depression is described as these symptoms | mood changes and loss of interest in normal activities |
| SSRI stands for | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
| MAOI stands for | monamise oxidase inhibitors |
| this is a condition when too much thyroid horomone is produced | hyperthyroidism |
| a condition when too little thyroid is produced | hypothyroidism |
| this medication is used to treat hypothyroidism and should be taken at the same time everyday (qam) | SYNTHROID levothyroxine |
| the technician should attempt to dispense the same manufactures product everytime a prescription is filled for this drug generc name | levothyroxine |
| osteoporosis is | bone loss |
| FOSAMAX alendronate aux labels | take 30 minutes before breakfast take on an empty stomach take with plenty of water the patient is required to sit up for 30 minutes after taking alendronate |
| the bodys built in defence system | immune system |
| this is when the immune system attacks the tissues of the body | autoimmune disease |
| a condition were the patient is insulin dependant | type 1 diabetes |
| a condition when the patients insulin production is low or inneffective | type 2 diabetes |
| NIDDM | noninsulin dependant diabetes mellitus |
| IDDM | insulin dependant diabetes mellitus |
| blood glucose is | blood sugar |
| low blood sugar levels | hypoglycemia |
| high or elevated blood sugar levels | hyperglycemia |
| these two drugs and one drug class can alter blood glucose levels | alcohol aspirin decongestants |
| insulin strength | 100u/mL |
| were should unopened vials of insulin be kept | in the fridge |
| how are insulin suspensions mixed | rolled in the palm |
| insulin given in varying doses depending on the reading of the blood | sliding scale |
| the eye | ophthalmic |
| ophthalmic dosage forms | eye drops suspensions and ointments |
| IOP is | increased interocular pressure |
| glaucoma can lead to | permanent blindness |
| 2 ways glaucoma drugs work | drugs that decrease the formation and promote drainage of aqeous humor |
| XALATAN latanoprost must be kept where unopened and can be kept at room temp or how many weeks? | in the fridge 4-6 weeks |
| this condition is is an acute inflammation of the conjunctiva commonly know as pink eye | conjunctivitis |
| is conjunctivitis contageous? | yes |
| eye drops that cause the pupil of the eye to constrict are called | miotics |
| eye drops that cause the pupil of the eye to dilate are called | mydriatics |
| the ear is the same as | otic |
| the waxlike substance secreted from the modified sweat glands in the ear is called? | cerumen |
| an infection in the middle ear is called | otitis media |
| dizzyness with the loss of balance is called | vertigo |
| a whistiling crackling squeking or ringing noise in the ears is called | tinnitus |
| tinnitus can be a side effect of too much of this drug | aspirin |
| this antibiotic drug class has been known to cause ear damage if given in high enough doses over a long period of time | aminoglycoside |
| otic drugs can only be used in the ____ because they are not prepared sterile enough to use in the eye | ear |
| agents that prevent further growth of micro organisms | bacteriostatic antibiotics |
| agents that kill micro organisms | bactericidal antibitotics |
| hospital acquired infections are called | nosocomial infections |
| this is a major stomach infection and is treated with triple drug therapy | helicobacter pylori |
| the medical term for without symptoms | asymptomatic |
| FLAGYL metronidazole requires which aux labels | FINISH ALL MEDICATION DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL |
| sulfonamides requires which aux label | finish all medications drink plenty of fluids |
| this drug class can create crystals in the kidney if plenty of fluids are not drank | sulfonamides |
| if a patient is allergic to penicilin it is likley they will also be allergic to this drug class | cephalasporins |
| if a patient is allergic to both penicillin and cephalasporins this drug class will be used | macrolides |
| what generation cephalasporin are lipid soluble meaning they can cross the blood brain barrier | 3rd generation |
| this drug class may decrease the effectivness of this drug class | cephalasporins oral contraceptives |
| tetracycline deposits itself into developing ? | teeth and bones |
| tetracyclines should not be prescribed to anyone under __years of age and ____ | 8 pregnant women |
| when ______ and _____ expire or outdate they turn to poison | tetracycline and asa |
| diabetics have a high risk of infections of the skin because of? | lack of blood flow to the extremities |
| medical term for worms | helmiths |
| the thickness of a liquid/solution is known as ? | viscosity |
| a severe overdose of acetaminophen can be treated with? | intravenous acetylcysteine |
| the antidote for warfarin is ? | vitamin k |
| the antidote for heparin is? | protamine |
| the antidote for an opioid overdose is ? | naloxone |
| the substance that interacts with tissue producing an allergic reaction is called | histamine |
| this is a severe allergic reaction and is a medical emergency | anaphylactic shock |
| opioid analgesic=narcotics what do they act on ? | centeral nervous system |
| TYLENOL #1 has how much codiene in it ? | 8mg |
| TYLENOL #2 has how much codiene in it ? | 15mg |
| TYLENOL #3 has how much codiene in it ? | 30mg |
| PERCOCET is______ | oxycodone and acetaminophen |
| PERCODAN is _____ | oxycodone and asa |
| narcotics are stirctly controlled because of ? | abuse and addiction |
| narcotic aux labels require? | may cause dizzyness or drowsyness;do not drink alcohol |
| narcotic side effects ?(3) | drowsyness constipation respitory depression |
| other uses for narcotics are ? | antitussive and antidiarrheal |
| PCA stands for ? | patient controlled analgesic |
| this drug is used to treat people with addictions to opioid drugs | methadone |
| methadone powder is dissolved into fruit flavoured drink because? | to avoid being injected |
| CAD stands for ? | coronary artery disease |
| which system is responsible for involuntary body functions and works wheather we are awake or asleep | autonomic nervous system |
| the ans is divided into two parts they are the ? | sympathetic (fight or flight) parasympathetic (rest and digest) |
| what is the neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system | norepinephrine |
| what is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system? | acetylcholine |
| drugs that mimic the activity of the sympathetic nervous system are? | adrenergics sympathomimetics |
| drugs that block the activity of the sympathetic nervous system are? | adrenergic blockers sympatholytic |
| what is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system ? | activate digestion |
| drugs that mimic the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system are ? | cholinergics and parasympathomimetics |
| drugs that block the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system are? | anticholinergics parasympatholytic |
| the central nervous system consists of ? | brain and spinal cord |
| an adverse effect of certain medications an irregular breathing pattern and depth | CNS depression |
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