Middle Ages - Final

5 Written Questions

1. attacked Western Europe from the east; superb horsemen; swept across the plains of the Danube River and invaded western Europe in the late 800s; they targeted villages and monasteries
2. three key leaders; Pepin, Charles Martel, Charlemagne
3. slowly increased royal power; made throne hereditary; unbroken successions for 300 years; added land; support of Church and townspeople; effective bureaucracy
4. an earthen mound on top of which early castles were constructed
5. peasants on a manor; they were bound to the land; they were not slaves who could be bought and sold—still they were not free

5 Matching Questions

1. Troubadours
2. Charlemagne
3. Fief
4. Schism
5. Parapet

1. a ruled from 768 - 814; conquered new lands; spread Christianity; expanded Frankish kingdom; created Carollingian Empire; Christian emperor; visited all parts of his kingdom; promoted learning; opened a palace school; friends with key individuals like Pope Leo III; crowned his only surviving son Louis the Pious as emperor a year before he died
2. b an estate; from a few acres to hundreds of square miles; also included the peasants that worked the land
3. c wall with slits for arrows.
4. d a separation between the two branches of Christianity
5. e wandering poets; their love songs focused on cherishing and protecting women

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. clashed with Henry IV over Investiture Controversy
   1. Pope Gregory VII
   2. Pope
   3. Clergy
   4. Heresy
2. highest point of the castle; most secure Lord's quarters
   1. Monks
   2. Motte
   3. Clergy
   4. Keep
3. nun/abbess in western Germany; composer
   1. Eleanor of Aquitaine
   2. William of Normandy
   3. Hildegard of Bingen
   4. The Song of Roland
4. Lombard League vs. Frederick; alliance of the Italian merchants and pope against Frederick I; foot soldiers faced Frederick's mounted knights; foot soldiers with crossbows defeated knights
   1. Battle of Legnano
   2. Bailey
   3. Battle of Hastings
   4. Pope Leo III
5. nemesis of King Henry II; murdered by four knights in his own cathedral; martyr and saint
   1. Holy Roman Empire
   2. Archbishop Thomas Becket
   3. *Charles the Bald
   4. Louis the Pious

5 True/False Questions

1. Edward I → another term for "classes" of people [

   True        False

2. Ostrogoths → a man who separates himself from ordinary human society in order to pursue a life of total dedication to God

   True        False

3. Manor → lord's estate

   True        False

4. Bailey → an estate; from a few acres to hundreds of square miles; also included the peasants that worked the land

   True        False

5. Portcullis → lords used these for protection; they consisted of a sliding grille of iron or wood hung in the gateway to the castle.

   True        False